history of nursing

When did UTMB start?

1890

What does being a nurse mean?

caring for others, advocating for others, being compassionate, knowledgeable, patient, etc.

Profession

Long-term career requiring specialized education, training, and often formal licensure; usually involving a higher level of expertise, responsibility, and a commitment to a specific field.

Job/occupation

A specific role for payment, often short-term. Focus on earning a paycheck or completing tasks.

Nursing as a profession?

Valued, most trusted profession

History of Nursing

Acts of nursing are recorded in the Bible

Middle Ages

Care was provided primarily by religious orders to sick and poor in monasteries

Some of the earliest nurses during the 1500-1800s were:

nuns, monks and priests

In the 1500-1800s,

The rich received care from physicians

The poor receives care from:

Nuns, monks, and priests

Nursing care in the 1600-1800s was delivered in:

Monasteries and hospitals

During the Protestant Reformation (15th century):

Monasteries closed, and nuns were forced to stope nursing and stay home.

Prostitutes and women avoiding jail, were summoned to perform nursing duties.

To “care for others” was considered unrespectable

Nurses were paid poorly or not at all

Nursing was administered under terrible conditions

Daughters of Charity

Enlisted help to provide care for the poor during the Protestant Reformation

Florence Nightingale

Founder of modern nursing

Led nurses go Crimean war

“Lady of the Lamp”

Developed rose diagram

Improved sanitation

Published “notes on Nursing”

Who was responsible for establishing the American Red Cross?

Clara Barton

Who helped establish the Henry Street Settlement?

Lillian Wald

What type of people delivered care to the ill during the transformation period?

Poor, Prostitutes

Who was the first African American Nurse in the U.S?

Mary Elizabeth Mahoney

Who advocated for the mentally ill and started the Asylum movement?

Dorothea Dix

Who is known as the “lady of the lamp”?

Florence Nightingale

Who led nurses to Crimean War to care for soldiers?

Florence Nightingale

Who published “notes on nursing”?

Florence Nightingale

Who found hand washing to reduce infection and improved sanitation in hospitals?

Florence Nightingale

Recognized as a significant minority nurse

Mary Seacole

Jamaican healer/doctress (not a nurse)

Mary Seacole

Author, teacher, and social reformer. (Not a nurse)

The Asylum Movement

Changed the public’s perception on vulnerable populations

Dorothea Dix

The Asylum Movement

Best known reforming conditions of the mentally ill and prisoners

Who was a teacher-not a nurse

Opened a free public school in 1852

Clara Barton

First African American to earn a nursing liscence

Mary Elizabeth Mahoney

Leader for the Howard Orphan Asylum for Black Children

Mary Elizabeth Mahoney

Who broke the barrier so minority nurses could be accepted into nursing school?

Mary Elizabeth Mahoney

1st public health nurse

Quit medical school

Founded Henry street settlement with Mary brewster

Lillian D Wald

1st nurse practitioner, nurse for US military

Recognized shortages of pediatricians and family practices

Started first NP program in the US beside Dr Henry Silver

Loretta Ford

Who established army nurse corps?

Mary Ann Nutting

Graduate of the class of the Johns Hopkins Hospital School of Nursing in 1891, and expanded curriculum from 2-3 years.

Mary Ann Nutting

First trained nurse in America

Linda Richards

Who created night shift nursing?

Linda Richards

Started Japan’s first nursing program, and many programs across the U.S

Linda Richards

Nursing in the 20th century:

WWII

Technology

Nurses registration act of 1903

1970 all states requires licensure for LPNs and RNs

Nurse Practice Act, State Board of Nursing, NCLEX, ANA, Accrditation

Compact state liscence

If you are in a compact state you can practice nursing in any state

Nursing in the 21st century

Advancement in technology, community healthcare, telehealth/telemedicine

Advancement in nursing roles:

MSN, DNP, PhD