Minerals and Energy Resources

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary related to minerals and energy resources, including definitions and classifications.

Mineral

A homogenous naturally occurring substance with a definite internal structure.

Ore

A rock deposit that contains enough mineral to make it economically feasible to extract and purify.

Mining

The process of taking out minerals from rocks buried under the earth's surface.

Open Cast Mining

A method of mining where minerals at shallow depths are extracted by removing the surface layer.

Shaft Mining

Mining method that uses deep bores to reach minerals situated at great depths.

Drilling

The process of boring deep wells to extract petroleum and natural gas.

Quarrying

A method of extracting minerals that lie near the earth's surface.

Ferrous Minerals

Minerals that contain iron, such as Iron Ore and Manganese.

Non-Ferrous Minerals

Minerals that do not contain iron, including Copper and Bauxite.

Conventional Energy Resources

Energy resources such as Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Electricity that are widely used.

Non-Conventional Energy Resources

Alternative energy sources such as Nuclear Energy, Solar, Wind, Biogas, Tidal, and Geothermal.

Lignite

A low-grade brown coal used for electricity generation.

Petroleum

A major source of fuel used for heating, lubrication, and raw material for industries.

Natural Gas

An environmentally friendly fuel used as energy and industrial raw material.

Electricity

Energy generated from various sources such as hydro and thermal methods.

Biogas

Gas produced from the decomposition of organic matter; an efficient energy source.

Geothermal Energy

Energy produced by heat from the Earth's interior.

Conservation of Minerals

The practice of preserving mineral resources due to their finite and non-renewable nature.

Mica

A mineral made up of thin sheets, used widely in electrical and electronic industries.