2.2.11 Inorganic Ions

Calcium ions (Ca2+)

Calcium ions (Ca2+)

Involved in muscle contraction and nerve impulse transmission.

Sodium ions (Na+)

Involved in co-transport, reabsorption of water in the kidney, and nerve impulse transmission.

Potassium ions (K+)

Involved in stomatal opening and nerve impulse transmission.

Hydrogen ions (H+)

Involved in chemiosmosis, pH determination, and catalysis of reactions.

Ammonium ions (NH4+)

Involved in the nitrogen cycle, converted by bacteria into nitrate ions.

Nitrate ions (NO3-)

Mineral ion absorbed by plants for nitrogen source in amino acid synthesis.

Hydrogencarbonate ions (HCO3-)

Maintains blood pH.

Chloride ions (Cl-)

Provides negative charge in cells, balances sodium and potassium ions, and acts as a cofactor for amylase.

Phosphate ions (PO43-)

Involved in phospholipid formation, nucleic acid and ATP synthesis, and bone formation.

Hydroxide ions (OH-)

Involved in blood regulation.