English Grammar and Vocabulary Differences

Flashcards covering key grammar concepts, vocabulary differences, and important terms based on lecture notes.

Direct Speech

A way of reporting someone's exact words using quotation marks.

Reported Speech

Paraphrasing what someone has said, often using a reporting verb and changing the verb tense.

Present Perfect Tense

A verb tense used to indicate actions that occurred at an indefinite time or that started in the past and continue to the present.

Past Perfect Tense

A verb tense that indicates that an action was completed before another took place.

Future Tense

A verb tense used to express actions that will occur in the future.

Adverbial Phrases of Time

Phrases that indicate the timing of an action, such as 'today', 'tomorrow', 'yesterday'.

Say-Pattern Reporting Verbs

Verbs that follow the structure 'to say something to someone', like 'admit', 'announce', and 'claim'.

Tell-Pattern Reporting Verbs

Verbs that follow the structure 'to tell someone something', like 'advise', 'inform', and 'warn'.

British vs. American English

Differences in spelling, vocabulary, and expressions between British and American English.

Plausible

Seeming reasonable or probable.

Sensationalism

The use of exciting or shocking stories to provoke public interest.

Word of Mouth

The passing of information by oral communication.

A White Lie

A harmless or trivial lie, often told to avoid hurting someone's feelings.