AP Pyschology Unit 4.3 Quiz

Which of the following refers to the tendency of people to mimic others’ behaviors?

Social Contagion

Which of the following is an example of conformity?

Renee buys the same brand of sweatshirt that most of the kids in her school are wearing.

Jon does what his friends are doing and throws eggs at houses on Halloween, even though he knows that he should not. Jon’s egg throwing is most likely due to

normative social influence.

Lyudmila hires a consultant to learn how to increase conformity and obedience in her organization. What advice will the consultant likely give?

People are more likely to obey and to conform when others have high perceived status.

Which of the following illustrates a reason why Milgram’s study would not pass the ethical guidelines of an institutional review board today?

Milgram put participants under intense psychological distress by making them think they greatly harmed another human.

Kat, who is an excellent hockey player, is playing in the final game of her high school career. In the packed arena, to the sound of roaring fans, Kat easily scores three goals — until she is knocked over and injures her leg. Kedi, one of the team’s weaker players, replaces her. Kedi appears unusually confused and nervous, and has more difficulty than ever handling the puck during the game.

The most likely explanation for Kat’s stellar performance is

social facilitation.

Kat, who is an excellent hockey player, is playing in the final game of her high school career. In the packed arena, to the sound of roaring fans, Kat easily scores three goals — until she is knocked over and injures her leg. Kedi, one of the team’s weaker players, replaces her. Kedi appears unusually confused and nervous, and has more difficulty than ever handling the puck during the game.

The most likely explanation for Kedi’s poor performance is

social facilitation.

Which psychological concept is depicted in the graph?

social loafing

While trying to figure out a topic for their group project, Marie’s group chooses the first option proposed without discussing other ideas. Everyone in the group, including Marie, says that the idea is “fine” and “okay,” even though the topic does not excite any member of the group.

Which psychological concept best applies to this scenario?

Groupthink

While trying to figure out a topic for their group project, Marie’s group chooses the first option proposed without discussing other ideas. Everyone in the group, including Marie, says that the idea is “fine” and “okay,” even though the topic does not excite any member of the group.

What logical and objective advice might you give to Marie to avoid the issues discussed in the example?

“Make sure to ask your group members for divergent opinions.”

Dr. Oslo studies the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people that are transmitted across generations. What does Dr. Oslo study?

Culture

After students wearing face paint tore down the goalposts following a stunning win, the school’s principal banned students from football games. Which of the following explains the problem with this policy and proposes a better alternative?

The principal’s policy is not effective because deindividuation tends to happen when anonymous people lose self-restraint. The principal should ban the use of face paint for all students rather than banning students from games.

Which of the following would be an appropriate operational definition of aggression in a research study?

rumors

Which of the following would be the most appropriate research method for examining the genetic contributions to aggression?

A twin study comparing the MAOA levels between identical twins and siblings

From a learning perspective, which of the following is a possible implication of parents screaming or hitting to try to decrease aggressive actions in their children?

Children may imitate their parents’ aggressive actions

Brandt’s baseball team just lost the state championship game after a questionable call made by the umpire. As a result, Brandt gets angry and starts shouting insults at the umpire. Which of the following best applies to this scenario?

Frustration-aggression principle

Dwayne is acting violently toward his friends and family. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan of his brain may show

Decreased frontal lobe activity

Which of the following is an example of a social-cultural influence on aggressive behavior?

Hatch plays violent video games every day after school

Dr. Jordison conducted a study in which he measured testosterone levels in 10-year-old boys, then counted the number of times they called other children unkind names over the next week. Which of the following statements is a plausible conclusion Dr. Jordison might draw from his study?

Higher levels of testosterone appear to be related to aggression

“I am friends with Kaci because she lives close to me,” said Adam. This example illustrates

Proximity

Which of the following is an example of the mere exposure effect?

Although Guiren didn’t like sushi the first time he tried it, his friend encouraged him to keep eating it, and now it’s his favorite food

Dr. Pina conducted a study in which she examined the extent to which physical attractiveness predicted whether someone was asked on a date. Which of the following would be an appropriate independent variable in Dr. Pina’s study?

Facial symmetry

Chandler and Alex just met and are beginning to get to know each other. They are sharing information such as their past accomplishments and life goals. They are engaging in which of the following?

Self-disclosure

Dr. Velez is conducting a study in which she asks participants to examine three photos and select the person who seems most likeable. The participant shown in this image chooses face B — which, unbeknownst to her, blends some features from an actual face with features of her own face.

the mere exposure effect.

Which of the following provides a logical and objective explanation of why online dating appears to lead to slightly longer and more satisfying relationships?

genuine

Dr. Auerbach believes that people are attracted to others who reward them and help them achieve their goals. Dr. Auerbach’s beliefs align with

The reward theory of attraction

Balash helped Rovshan, even though he did not get anything in return. Balash displayed

Altruism

Ms. Skipworth challenged the students in her class to complete an extra-credit assignment, promising to add three points to everyone’s final grade if every single student turned it in. Believing that other students wouldn’t complete the assignment and not wanting to spend his free time doing work for no reason, Chase did not complete the assignment. What psychological concept does this scenario illustrate?

Social trap

Which of the following studies would best replicate the “good mood” result associated with helpfulness?

Dr. Wade designed an experiment in which participants were randomly assigned either to pick a prize or to receive no prize, later measuring how willing the participants would be to help another person

Gulnaz studies social exchange theory. Which hypothesis would she most likely make?

People will be more likely to help others when the pros outweigh the cons of helping

In an experiment, Dr. Westwood randomly assigned participants to one of two ethnically diverse groups. Group 1 was given a task of working together to solve brain teasers, which would enable them to “escape” from a room in which they were locked. Group 2 was given a task of mingling with one another. All other conditions, including the room in which the groups interacted, were the same. After the tasks, Dr. Westwood measured how connected the members of the group felt to one another. She found that the Group 1 members tended to feel more connected with one another than the Group 2 members. Which of the following best describes the outcome of Dr. Westwood’s use of experimental control?

Dr. Westwood is able to infer that superordinate goals caused greater connection among members of Group 1

Based on this image, what logical and objective conclusion about helpfulness can be drawn?

The people in this town are prone to help one another.

Anke is running for class president on a platform of decreasing the cost of school snacks to improve food accessibility. Dario is running for class president on a platform of increasing the cost of school snacks to make needed repairs to the school’s lockers. Anke and Dario each see the other as unethical and aggressive. Which of the following psychological concepts is illustrated in this scenario?

Mirror-image perceptions