APUSH MCQ Industrialization

How did industrialization affect farming life?

• Introduced new technologies like the reaper and steel plow

• Increased productivity and efficiency

• Mechanized equipment allowed for larger cultivation with less labor

• Led to the rise of agribusinesses

• Shifted focus from subsistence farming to cash crops.

How were railroads subsidized by the government?

Through a grid system that supported their construction and expansion.

What was the Dawes Act?

Legislation aimed at assimilating Native Americans into American culture by allotting them individual plots of land.

What was the goal of the American government for Native American society and culture?

The goal was to promote assimilation into mainstream American culture.

What did the Plessy vs. Ferguson case establish?

It established the 'separate but equal' doctrine that upheld racial segregation.

What did the 13th amendment accomplish?

It abolished slavery in the United States.

Who were the Exodusters?

African Americans who migrated from the Southern United States to Kansas after the Civil War.

What was the economy in the South during the Gilded Age characterized by?

It was characterized by slow recovery from the Civil War, reliance on agriculture, and sharecropping.

What is laissez-faire?

An economic philosophy of minimal government intervention in business affairs.

How did immigrant families contribute economically and socially to the U.S.?

They provided labor for industries and enriched American culture through diverse customs and practices.

What is the difference between skilled and unskilled labor?

Skilled labor requires specialized training and knowledge, while unskilled labor does not.

What was the federal policy towards immigrants arriving from the East Coast?

It was generally open, but certain exclusion acts targeted non-white individuals.

What did the words on the plaque at Ellis Island state?

They welcomed immigrants to America, encouraging hope and opportunity.

What are political machines?

Political organizations that controlled political parties in cities and used patronage to maintain power.

Who was Jane Addams?

A social reformer known for her work in social justice and the founding of Hull House.

What did social reformers lead to during the Progressive Era?

They led to significant social and political changes aimed at addressing issues caused by industrialization.

What is the Social Gospel?

A movement that emphasized the application of Christian ethics to social problems.

What was a major policy concerning Chinese trade?

The Chinese Exclusion Act, which restricted immigration and trade with China.

Who was Theodore Roosevelt?

The 26th President of the United States known for his progressive policies and conservation efforts.

What is populism?

A political approach that seeks to represent the interests of ordinary people.

What was the populist platform?

A set of political policies aimed at addressing the needs of farmers and the working class.

How did railroads affect farmers?

Railroads reduced transportation costs but often led to price gouging by shipping companies.

What was price gouging?

The practice of raising prices on essential goods or services to an unfair level.

How did rapid industrialization occur in the U.S.?

It was driven by technological innovation, investment in infrastructure, and resource availability.

What technological innovations helped propel industrialization in the U.S.?

Innovations like the assembly line and mechanized production.

What are the differences between private markets and private enterprises?

Private markets consist of supply and demand, while private enterprises focus on profit-making through business activities.

What did the increase in manufacturing do to goods?

It increased the availability of manufactured goods and reduced prices.

What is the assembly line?

A manufacturing process in which parts are added in sequence to create finished products.