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Deception
Participants are misled about the nature of the study so that researchers can obtain natural reactions and results. This should be avoided when possible.
Debriefing
If deception is used, participants must be debriefed: told the true nature and aim of the study to make up for lacking informed consent.
Right to Withdraw
Participants have the right to leave a study at any time and remove their data from it without consequences (reasoning for doing so is not required from them)
Informed Consent
The process where participants are fully informed about the study's aims, procedures, risks, and what is expected of them before agreeing to take part, ensuring their voluntary participation. Can be given verbally or in writing. If a participant is below legal age, this must be obtained from a legal guardian.
Protection from Harm
Participants should be safeguarded from physical and psychological harm during and after the study. No more harm than is presented in daily life is allowed, and more vulnerable individuals should receive extra care.
Privacy (Confidentiality)
Participants' data must be kept confidential and not disclosed without their consent in reports. Researchers must ensure that personal information is protected both during and after the study.