AP Bio - Unit 1: Biochemistry (Functional Groups)
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Last updated 4:28 PM on 1/24/23
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13 Terms
1
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what is a functional group
a group of molecules that are responsible for organic molecule functional properties
2
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what is hydroxyl
O-H // polar // the OH is unstable and can have two outcomes:
1. O takes the electron from H and becomes R-O and H+
2. the OH splits from the remainder and becomes R+ and OH-
1. O takes the electron from H and becomes R-O and H+
2. the OH splits from the remainder and becomes R+ and OH-
3
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what is carbonyl
C\=O // polar // its possible that the O attracts a lone H
Aldehyde --\> C\=O on the end of a molecule
Keytones --\> C\=O in the middle of a molecule
Aldehyde --\> C\=O on the end of a molecule
Keytones --\> C\=O in the middle of a molecule
4
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what is carboxylic acid
\
O-H
|
C acidic (if H+ is given away) and polar
\\\\
O
O-H
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C acidic (if H+ is given away) and polar
\\\\
O
5
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what is amino/amine
H-N-H // basic and polar
6
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what is a phosphate group
O
||
O - P - OH Acidic and polar
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O
||
O - P - OH Acidic and polar
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O
7
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what is sulfhydrl
S-H // polar // connects with di-sulfide bridge
8
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What Macromolecules contain hydroxyl
carbohydrates, nucleic acids and some amino acids
9
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what macromolecules contain carbonyl
protein and carbohydrates
10
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what macromolecules contain carboxyl
amino acids and fatty acids
11
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what macromolecules contain amino/amine
amino acids
12
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what macromolecules contain phosphate groups
phospholipids and nucleic acid
13
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what macromolecules contain sulfhydryl
protiens
Note 
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