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What is the function of a digestive enzyme?
Digestive enzymes converts food into small soluable molecules which can be absrobed by the blood stream.
What does carbohydrase do?
What is a common example of this?
Carbohyrases breaks down carbohysdrates to simple sugars.
amylase is a carbohydrase which breaks down starch.
Explain how the enzymes work by lock and key theory
Substrate binds into the active site of the enzyme
Substrate and active sites are complementary in shape
substrate acts as the key and the enzyme acts like the lock
enzymes catalyse a reaction to give a product
the substrate is broken down into products
after the enzymes have catalysed the reaction, the product is released from the active site.
the enzyme is then free to act on more substrate molecules.
What happens to enzymes when there is an increase in the temperature?
Increasing temperature means there is more successful collisions
enzymes + substrates have more kinetic energy which means more substrate is turned into products
however, when the temperature is above optimum temperature (the number of collisions still increases) the active site becomes deformed meaning the substrate and the active site is no longer complementary so the number of successful colloions decrease
If the pH is too high or too low, the bonds that hold the amino acid chain together to make up the protein can be destroyed
This will change the shape of the active site, so the substrate can no longer fit into it, reducing the rate of activity
Moving too far away from the optimum pH will cause the enzyme to denature and activity will stop
Where is lipase produced ?
In the small intestine and pancrease
Where is amylase produced?
Salivary glands, small intestine and pancrease