Early Middle Ages - Chpater 2

A term created by some historians to describe the early middle ages. A period marked by economic, technological and cultral decline

The Dark Ages

Who were the former Roman allies who sacked Rome multiple times?

The Goths

The Anglos, Saxons, Jutes were all Germanic groups from Denmark who invaded what area?

Roman Britain

Modern Historians call the era of barbarians moving into Roman lands the ______ Period

The Migration Period

Former allies who took Roman lands in Northern Gaul, their empire later became modern day France and Germany

The Franks

In Germanic Paganism they were religious leaders who claimed to speak to the gods

Shamans/Druids

What are the five most widely spoken Romance languages

Spanish, Italian, French, Romania , and Portugese

The chosen leader of the Catholic Church

Pope

Christian Holy Wars were called?

Crusades

A Person sent on a religious mission, especially one sent to promote Christianity

Missionaries

A member of a religious community who lives under a strict set of religious laws

Monk

The Roman Christian missionary who spread Christianity to Ireland in 432 A.D

Saint Patrick

Monks wrote their books on dried animal skin called what?

Vellum

One of the greatest monk writers, who wrote one of the earliest histories of the British Isles

The Venerable Bede

What were the three major vows of the Benedictine Order

Vow of Obedience, poverty, and chastity.

Monks wore simple brown robes called what?

habits

While transcribing books monks would often add illustrations, flourishes and decorations to the pages. This type of medieval writing is known as what

Illuminated Manuscripts

One of the most well known illuminated manuscripts is what book, which used Celtic art to illustrate the bible in great detail

The Book of Kells

The Franks first introduced this system to Medieval Europe

Feudal System

In this battle Charles Martel defeated an Islamic army from Spain

The Battle of Tours

What was Charles Martel’s Nickname

The Hammer

Due to Frankish law, in his early years Charlemagne shared the kingdom with his brother ____

Carloman

In what year was Charlamagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor

800 A.D

Charlamagne conquered this group and forced them to convert to Christianity

Saxons

What did Charlamagne have scholars standardize

the alphabet

The Eastern part of Charlemagne’s Kingdom became part of what modern day country

Germany

1. The Western Part of Charlemagne's kingdom became what modern country?

France

Students learned to read and write in this language in the Middle Ages.

Latin

Large House where a lord lived

Manor

Boys were usually these to masters to learn a craft

apprenantices

The Vikings came from this region in Europe

Scandanavia

The earliest Viking raid took place where

St. Cuthbert’s Church/Lindisfarne, England

Because of their practice of raiding churches Christians compared Vikings to what?

Devils

The Vikings greatest technology that allowed them to raid and flee before large armies could confront them

Longships

The most fearsome Viking warriors who believed that the gods gave them superhuman power and would fight without armor

Beserkers

What does the word “Viking” mean

Raider

This Viking landed in North America 500 Years Before Colombus

Leif Erikson

The father of the Aesir gods, rules over Valhalla

Odin

The Hammer-weilding Norse god is associated with lightning and thunderstorms

Thor

The end of days in Norse mythololgy when all the gods fight in one final battle

Ragnorok

Where brave fallen warriors go when they die according to Norse mythology

Valhalla

These were peasants who belonged to a peice of land and could not leave wihtout permission from their lord

Serfs

The small peice of land owned by vassals

fief

Knights followed a strict set of rules called what?

Chivalry

Each knight and noble had one of these often worn on a shield or tabard

Coat of Arms

Before someone could become a knight that had to apprentice as a ____ then a _____

A. Page

B. Squire

Nobles collected taxes from the land they ruled called?

Desemene

This group ruled over the churches and religious institutions in the kingdom

Clergy

A succession of people from the same family who rule a kingdom

Dynasty

The rule that the oldest male heir becomes king

primogeniture