Life processes

Cbseclass 10 bio chapter 1

Life processes

Life processes

The various basic functions performed by living organisms to maintain thier life on this earth.

Basic life processes common to all living organisms

1.Nutrition

2. Respiration

3. Transportation

4. Excretion

Nutrition

The process by which a living organisms obtain and utilize food for the purpose of growth, development, repair of damaged tissues and energy.

Nutrients

Components of food, ie, Carbohydrates, proteins,fats,vitamins,minerals, roughage

Types of nutrition

1. Autotrophic nutrition

2. Heterotrophic nutrition

Autotrophic nutrition

• Organisms prepare their own food

• Performed by autotrophs

Heterotrophic nutrition

• Organisms are dependent on other Organisms for their food

• Performed by heterotrophs

Types of Autotrophic nutrition

1. Photosynthetic autotrophic nutrition

2. Chemosynthetic autotrophic nutrition

Photosynthetic autotrophic nutrition

Living organisms that use light energy to perform photosynthesis to produce nutrition. Ex- green plants, cyanobacteria(blue-green algae)

Chemosynthetic autotrophic nutrition

Living organisms synthesize organic materials using energy derived from the chemical nutrients. Ex- purple sulfur bacteria

Types of Heterotrophic nutrition

1. Holozoic nutrition

2. Saprophytic nutrition

3. Parasitic nutrition

Holozoic nutrition

The organism feed by ingesting solid organic matter which is then digested and absorbed into their bodies. Ex- humans,amoeba, paramecium

Saprophytic nutrition

Organisms (saprophytes) feed on dead and decaying matter includes bacteria and fungi which digest the food externally before the nutrients are absorbed. Ex- decomposers, yeast, bread mold(rhizopous) mushrooms

Parasitic nutrition

Obtains nutrients from living organisms. The parasite obtains nutrients by living on or in the body of the host.

Types of parasites

1. External parasite

2. Internal parasite

External parasite

Lives on the host body to obtain nutrients, ex- lice,ticks,leech

Internal parasite

Obtains nutrition by living inside the host body, ex- tapeworm,liver fluke

Parasitic plant

Cuscutta- doesn't have or lacks chlorophyll