forensics study guide part 3 ( pages 9-18)

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41 Terms

1

Ventricular fibrillation

A life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia characterized by rapid and chaotic electrical activity in the ventricles of the heart.

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2

Respiratory depression

A decrease in the rate and depth of breathing leading to inadequate oxygen intake.

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3

Cardiac tamponade

A medical emergency where fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac, exerting pressure on the heart.

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4

Hypoxia

Oxygen deprivation leading to inadequate supply to tissues and organs.

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5

Hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding resulting in severe loss of blood volume.

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6

Cardiac Arrest

Sudden cessation of heart function leading to the stoppage of blood circulation.

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7

Neurological injury

Severe injury or damage to the brain affecting vital functions.

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8

Toxicological

Poisoning or overdose of a toxic substance resulting in organ dysfunction.

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9

Infection/Septicemia

Systemic infection causing severe inflammatory response and organ failure.

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10

Shock

Inadequate perfusion of organs and tissues due to low blood pressure or decreased blood volume.

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11

Organ Failure

Failure of multiple organs leading to a cascading decline in physiological function.

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12

Metabolic Disturbances

Severe disruptions in metabolic processes affecting vital functions.

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13

z delete this

electurcion

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14

Heat Stroke

Extreme temperature causing the body to overheat, leading to organ failure.

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15

Rigor mortis

The stiffening of muscles that occurs following death, lasting 36-48 hours postmortem.

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16

Livor mortis

Discoloration of the body due to the settling of deoxygenated blood after death.

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17

Algor mortis

Cooling of the body that occurs after death.

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18

Mechanical trauma

Injuries caused by physical force, including blunt and sharp force trauma.

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19

Chemical trauma

Injuries caused by exposure to hazardous or toxic substances.

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20

Electrical trauma

Injuries caused by exposure to electric current.

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21

Antemortem injuries

Injuries sustained before death that show inflammation.

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22

Postmortem injuries

Injuries occurring after death which do not show signs of bleeding.

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23

Biological profile

Information including sex, age, stature, ancestry/race used in forensic anthropology.

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24

Deciduous dentition

The set of baby teeth that will be replaced by adult teeth.

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25

Permanent dentition

The adult set of teeth that includes 28-32 teeth.

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26

Blunt force trauma

Injuries caused by non-sharpened, dull objects.

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27

Sharp force trauma

Injuries caused by sharp implements that penetrate the body.

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28

Penetrating gunshot wound

When the object enters the body and remains inside.

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29

Perforating gunshot wound

When the object passes through the body, creating both entrance and exit wounds.

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30

Incision

A clean, straight cut made by a sharp-edged object.

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31

Laceration

A jagged or irregular wound caused by tearing or stretching.

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32

Amputation

The complete removal or separation of a body part.

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33

Abrasion

A superficial wound caused by scraping against a rough surface.

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34

Puncture

A wound caused by a sharp, pointed object penetrating the skin.

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35

Avulsion

A wound where a portion of skin or tissue is forcibly torn away.

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36

Contusion

A bruise caused by blunt force trauma leading to blood vessel rupture.

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37

Hematoma

A large scale contusion caused by damage to larger blood vessels.

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38

Forensic anthropology

The application of anthropology in a legal context, often involving the identification of skeletal remains.

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39

Postmortem interval (PMI)

The time elapsed since death, estimated using entomology.

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40

Blow flies

Insects whose development stages are used to estimate time of death.

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41

Maggot debridement therapy (MDT)

A medical treatment using sterile maggots to remove necrotic tissues from wounds.

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