EMT- Chapter 26

A 43-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed. His blood pressure is 190/110 mm Hg and his heart rate is 90 beats/min and bounding. Preferred treatment for this patient includes:

pinching the patient's nostrils and having him lean forward

A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing:

gastrointestinal bleeding

A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should:

assist the patient's ventilations

Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' oxygen, nutritional, and waste-removal needs is termed _______.

perfusion

Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the:

spleen

Hypovolemic shock occurs when:

the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss

If applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should ________.

A. apply direct pressure first

B. use large or small gauze pads or dressings depending upon the size of the wound

C. cover the entire wound, above and below, with the dressing

D. All of these answers are correct

D. All of these answers are correct

If direct pressure fails to immediately stop severe bleeding from an extremity, you should apply:

a tourniquet proximal to the injury

In older patients, the first indicator of non-traumatic internal bleeding may be:

weakness or dizziness

Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is MOST often controlled by:

splinting the extremity

Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume.

20%

The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, EXCEPT:

systolic blood pressure

What mechanism(s) does the body use to control bleeding?

A. Clotting

B. Coagulation

C. Vasoconstriction

D. All of these answers are correct

D. All of these answers are correct

Whether you are using a commercial device or a stick and triangular bandage as a tourniquet, it is important to remember that:

the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released

Which of the following findings would be the MOST significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding?

The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xeralto)

Which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?

Air splint

Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is correct?

Patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously

Which organ or organ system has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)?

Gastrointestinal system

Which portion of the blood carries oxygen to and wastes away from body tissues?

Red blood cells

Which section of the heart receives deoxygenated blood?

Right