POHS-Skeletal System Test

How many bones are in the skeletal system?

206; axial-80; apendicular-126

List the functions of the skeletal system

Provides support, protection for vital organs, facilitates movement by serving as attachment points for muscles, produces blood cells in bone marrow, and stores minerals such as calcium.

What are the 2 major divisions of the skeletal system?

Axial and apendicular

The axial skeleton is composed of:

The skull, vertebral column (spine), and rib cage

Paired bones means:

There is a left and a right one

Articulate

Joints-connecting bones together

What are the 2 sets of the bones of the skull?

Cranial and facial

What is the main function of the skull?

To protect the brain and support the structures of the face

Which bone forms the forehead?

Frontal

Which bone forms the temples?

Temporal

How many bones are in the cervical division of the spinal column?

C1-C7; 7 bones

How many bones are in the thoracic division of the spinal column?

T1-T12; 12 bones

How many bones are in the lumbar division of the spinal column?

L1-L5; 5 bones

How many bones make up the sacrum? Location?

5 fused bones in the posterior part of the pelvis

How many bones make up the coccyx? Location?

3-5 fused bones at the base of the vertebral column

Where is the cervical curve located?

Neck

Where is the thoracic curve located?

Chest area

Where is the lumbar curve located?

Lower backS

Scoliosis occurs in the:

Lateral/ thoracic curve of the spine

Kyphosis is an extreme:

Outward/ posterior/ thoracic curvature of the spine

Lordosis is an extreme:

Forward/ anterior/ lumbar curvature of the spine

Function of the thorax:

Protects the vital organs; helps with respiration

Parts of the thorax:

Rib cage, sternum, thoracic vertebrae

How many pairs of ribs in the thorax?

12

1st to 7th pairs of ribs are called:

True ribs

8th to 10th pairs of ribs are called:

False ribs

Last 2 pairs (11th and 12th) of false ribs are called:

Floating ribs because it’s attached to cartilage that joins with the sternumand do not attach directly to the sternum.

What is the function of the apendicular skeleton?

Makes body movement possible by providing attachment points for muscles and connecting limbs to the trunk

The pectoral girdle is also called:

The shoulder girdle

What bones make up the pectoral girdle?

Cavicle and scapula (collarbone and shoulder blade)

How many bones are in each upper limb?

30

What is the largest and longest bone in the upper limb?

Humerus

What is the pollex?

Thumb

What is the cornerstone of all lower limbs?

Pelvis (hip joint)

How many bones are in each lower limb?

30

What bone is the largest, longest, and strongest in the body?

Femur

What 2 bones make up the lower leg?

Tibia, fibulaThese two bones are essential for weight-bearing and movement in the lower leg.

What is the hallux?

Big toe

Name 5 bones in the cranium:

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, mandible, maxilla (top of jaw)

Where is the mandible bone? What is it’s function?

Lower jawbone is located in the lower part of the skull and functions to hold the lower teeth and facilitate chewing

Inflammation of the joints:

Arthritis

Crack or bone in the bone:

Fracture

Inflammation of the bursae:

Bursitis

Hunchback:

Kyphosis

Most common form of arthritis:

Osteoarthritis

A bone inflammation usually caused by a pathogen:

Osteomyelitis

Surgical technique to repair a fracture:

Open reductionT

Type of a skull fracture:

Depressed

Type of fracture common in children in which the bone is bent:

Greenstick

Occurs when a bone is forcibly displaced from the joint:

Dislocation

Type of fracture that causes a break in the skin:

Compound

Type of fracture in which the bone is fragmented:

Communited

Brittle bone disease:

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Side to side curvature of the spine:

Scoliosis