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Transverse Wave
A wave where particles oscillate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
Longitudinal Wave
A wave where particles oscillate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
Wavelength (λ)
The distance between two consecutive points in phase on a wave.
Frequency (f)
The number of oscillations or cycles per unit time.
Time Period (T)
Time taken for one full cycle of a wave.
Wave Speed (v)
Speed at which a wave travels through a medium; given by v = fλ = λ/T.
Mechanical Wave
A wave that requires a medium to propagate
Electromagnetic Wave
A wave that can travel through a vacuum; consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.