US History Final

The first atomic bomb was dropped on \_______, Japan on August 6, 1945.

Hiroshima

World War II ended in \_______. It is also the same year that Hitler killed himself & we dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima & Nagasaki.

1945

\_______ was president from 1928-1932 and was blamed for the Great Depression. He believed the government should not interfere with the economy and kept waiting for it to correct itself.

Herbert Hoover

\_______ was a famous baseball player from the 1930's. He played for the Boston Red Sox but was traded to the New York Yankees starting the "Curse of the Bambino".

Babe Ruth

The \_______ gained enormous popularity, especially in the South during the 1920's & 1930's. The purpose of this group was to purify and glorify the white Anglo-Saxon, Protestant race by criticizing and terrorizing Jews, blacks, and others.

KKK

The \_______ was one of the largest programs under the New Deal. It set out to help youths, professionals, and other workers and built airports, roads, libraries, schools, and hospitals.

WPA

\_______ was the first person to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. He did this in 1927.

Charles Lindbergh

The second atomic bomb was dropped on \______, Japan on August 9, 1945.

Nagasaki

A restriction of people's rights to buy an unlimited amount of food or other goods is known as \_______.

rationing

The code name for the secret development of the atomic bomb was the \_______.

Manhattan Project

The U.S. policy of \_______ was an attempt to block the Soviet spread of communism and their influence by creating alliances & supporting weaker countries.

containment

After World War II, Berlin was divided into four parts. The Soviets decided to cut off West Berlin hoping this will force the Western nations to give up the idea of a unified Germany or surrender control of Germany. The response by the United States and Great Britain was called the \_______.

Berlin Airlift

After World War II, China was having a civil war. The Communists (in the north) were led by \_______.

Mao Zedong

A political philosophy put into place by Adolf Hitler in Germany was known as \_______.

nazism

This New Deal program controlled flooding and provided electricity to eastern states.

TVA

\________ were women of the 1920's who dressed in short skirts, smoked and drank in public, cut their hair short, and danced the Charleston.

flappers

\________ was a policy of the United States after World War I in which we pulled away from involvement in world affairs.

isolationism

\________ were people who smuggled liquor into the country and sold it illegally during Prohibition.

bootleggers

A \________ is a period of rising stock prices.

bull market

FDR used his \________ as a way to communicate about issues of public concern with the American people.

Fireside Chats

The signing of the Japanese surrender to end World War II took place on the \________ (this was intentionally done as a tribute to Harry S.Truman's role in ending the war).

U.S.S. Missouri

\________ translates to "crystal night", or night of the broken glass. It was November 9, 1938. Nazi storm troopers attacked & destroyed Jewish homes, businesses, & synagogues across Germany.

Kristallnacht

The \________, of 1947 said that the U.S. would help support free people throughout the world who were resisting takeovers by "outside pressures" (a.k.a Soviets).

Truman Doctrine

The purpose of this Cold War organization, \________ , is to create a defensive military alliance. All countries promised that an attack on one would be regarded as an attack on all. Members of this organization were not communist.

NATO

The \________ was a congressional committee created to investigate communism in the U.S. They investigated Hollywood & the film industry.

HUAC

The German air force was called the \_______.

Luftwaffe

The term/name, \________, referenced women working in factories on the homefront during World War II.

Rosie the Riveter

\_______ occured on September 2, 1945.

V-J Day

\_______ was the code name for the planned invasion of Europe by the Allies, organized by Dwight D. Eisenhower. Eisenhower chose Normandy as the invasion sight, rather than Calais, France.

Operation Overlord

October 29, 1929 is better known as \________.

Black Tuesday

The period of literary and artistic creativity celebrating African-American culture in a specific part of New York City.

Harlem Renaissance

In 1933, the \_________ repealed the 18th Amendment, making it legal to buy, consume, drink, and sell alcohol once again.

21st Amendment

A \______ is a term for a hidden saloon/nightclub where liquor was sold.

speakeasy

\_______ is when cities spread outward in all directions.

urban sprawl

Benito Mussolini established a totalitarian, \_______ regime in Italy which featured a strong, centralized government headed by a powerful dictator.

fascist

\_______ was the code name for the planned invasion of Axis-controlled North Africa led by Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Operation Torch

\_______ won the election of 1932 and went on to be elected to an unprecedented four terms as president. He convinced people in the 1932 election that he could help bring the country out of the Great Depression. He advocated for the government to take a leading role in stimulating the economy.

FDR

\_______ were Italian immigrants who were blamed for shooting two men. They were victims of the U.S. government's witch hunt to stop the spread of communism and anarchy in the 1920's.

Sacco and Vanzetti

This man, \_______, created a brief scare with his radio drama "War of the Worlds". Americans were scared the country was going to be invaded by martians when they heard the radio program.

Orson Welles

Poor Midwesterners who fled the Dust Bowl and traveled west to California were known as \_______.

Okies

\________ music grew out of rhythm & blues & added electronic music. It had heavy rhythm, simple melody & lyrics about cars, love, & problems of being young.

rock and roll

A company that offers similar products or services in many locations or sells the right to an individual to do business using the parent company name is called a \_______.

franchise

Eisenhower authorized the building of a nationwide highway network in 1956. The legislation was called the \_______.

Interstate Highway Act

Buying material goods in mass quantities during the 1950's was known as \_______.

consumerism

\________ created Mickey Mouse. He also grew up in Kansas City. He opened a major theme park in Anaheim, California in the 1950's.

Walt Disney

This Tennessee teacher, \_______, was accused of teaching the theory of evolution to students in his high school science class.

John Scopes

\_______ wrote the book "A Farewell to Arms". Some of his work reflects his experiences serving in World War I. He worked for the KC Star early in his career. Ultimately, he committed suicide.

Ernest Hemingway

\_______ was a communist who led a revolution in Russia.

Vladimir Lenin

\_______ was a famous jazz musician of the 1920's. He led the band at the Cotton Club in Harlem.

Duke Ellington

\_______ was a famous Chicago gangster & symbol of the rise of organized crime. He ultimately wen tto prison for income tax evasion and served his sentence in Alcatraz. His nickname was scarfarce.

Al Capone

The \________ were aimed at keeping the United States out of World War II.

Neutrality Acts

U.S. troops faced major German resistance during the D-day invasion at \_______.

Omaha Beach

\_______ occured on May 8, 1945.

V-E Day

This plane, the \_______, dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.

Enola Gay

\_______ was the Italian dictator during most of World War II. He joined forces with Hitler during the war.

Benito Mussolini

This plan/policy was an extension of FDR's New Deal. It included proposals for nationwide healthcare and was created by Harry S. Truman. It was called the \________.

Fair Deal

The new U.S. policy under Eisenhower that said we will go the edge, or brink of war was called \________. It said we will keep peace by promising to use all of our force, including nuclear weapons, against any aggressor.

brinkmanship

A new fabric created in the 1950's was \_______.

dacron

Followers of the 1950's nonconformist movement who cared little for material goods were called \_______.

beatniks

The "king" of rock and roll is \_______.

Elvis Presley

\________ took place on December 7, 1941.

Pearl Harbor

The extreme hatred of Jewish people is known as \_______.

anti-semitism

\_______ was the prime minister of Great Britain during most of World War II.

Winston Churchill

Hitler believed that the \______ were the superior race.

Aryans

\_______ commanded the Allied forces during the Normandy invasion. He went on to win the presidential elections of 1952 & 1956.

Dwight D. Eisenhower

A major corporation that includes a number of smaller companies in unrelated industries is called a \_______.

conglomerate

A strategy of companies to purposely make items that would need to be replaced quickly so that people would go out & buy more things. Items would wear out or be outdated quickly & people would want the newer, better model. This strategy was called \_______.

planned obsolescence

In 1947-1948, the U.S. gave away $12.5 billion to European countries in need. If we helped them recover from the war, they would like us more & communism would be less appealing. This strategy was known as the \______ and it was considered a success.

Marshall Plan

The demilitarized zone between North Korea and South Korea is commonly called the \_______.

DMZ

The \________ was a declaration of principles that spelled out the causes for which World War II was fought. It was signed by FDR & Winston Churchill.

Atlantic Charter

\_______ became president upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was from Independence, Missouri.

Harry S. Truman

Under the \_______, the United States would loan or finance arms and other supplies to "any country whose defense was vital to the United States".

Lend-Lease Plan

With the passage of the \________, 16 million American men between the ages of 21-35 became registered with the military.

Selective Service Act

\_______ was a French general who fled to England during World War II to set up a French government in exile.

Charles de Gaulle

\_______ was known as "Dr. Death". He conducted cruel medical experiments to prisoners at concentration camps.

Josef Mengela

The Battle of \________, although a humiliating experience for Allied troops, was considered a success because the Allied troops acted quickly and rescued their soldiers by sending over boats and ships to the Belgian port city.

Dunkirk

The\______ was a list of people who were accused of having a communist background. Approximately people 500 made the list. Their careers were ruined & they could no longer work in Hollywood.

blacklist

The \_______ was 67 times more powerful than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. We tested one in the South Pacific on November 1, 1952.

h-bomb

\________ were Southern democrats who opposed civil rights & sought to protect "the Southern way of life" from the federal government They did not like Truman because he was in favor of civil rights.

Dixiecrats

This agency, the \_______, used spies to gather information abroad. They also tried to carry out secret missions to weaken &/or overthrow governments we didn't like. This agency was created in the height of the Cold War.

CIA

The \________ was an attempt for racial purity that called for the systematic murder of 11 million people, more than half of whom were Jews.

Holocaust

Under the \_______, each Axis nation agreed to come to the defense of the others if any of them were attacked.

Tripartite Pact

This New Deal program, the \______, guarantees the money you put in the bank. This helped to restore raith in the banking system. It still exists today.

FDIC

The state of hostility between superpowers that is just short of direct military confrontation is known as the \_______. It lasted from 1945-1991.

Cold War

The \_______ was passed by Congress in 1944. It paid part of the tuition

GI Bill

\________ was a Senator from Wisconsin who claimed that communists were taking over our government. He helped to create the Red Scare of the 1950's.

Joseph McCarthy

The \_______, a New Deal program, was aimed at helping young people. The program allowed students the opportunity to work part-time in positions at their schools.

NYA

\________ was the name of the first of the communities/towns built using assembly line methods and techniques in the home building process. It was in Long Island, NY.

Levittown

The \_______, a New Deal program, brought electricity to rural areas that did not have electricity and were isolated.

REA

\_________ opened in July of 1955 in Anaheim, California. In the first year alone, it attracted 3 million visitors!

Disneyland

Germany used the blitzkrieg strategy to invade the country of \________.

Poland

\_______ was the American president for most of World War II. He was elected to four terms as president, more than any other person in U.S. history!

FDR

The deliberate crashing of a bomb-filled airplane into a military target is known as \_________.

kamikaze

This reporter/newsman, \________, introduced two innovations to the news industry in the 1950's; on-scene reporting & interviewing.

Edward R. Murrow

The name of a type of U.S. spy plane during the 1950's was the \______. One was shot down over the Soviet Union while on a mission.

U-2

This 1954 Supreme Court case declared separate was not equal. It overturned the 1896 Plessy vs. Ferguson decision. It required public schools to be integrated with "all deliberate speed."

Brown vs. Board

The \_______ was a military alliance formed in July of 1955 by the Soviet Union with other Eastern European countries. It was a Communist response to NATO.

Warsaw Pact

The \_______ were an Americans couple who were accused of giving secret information about the atomic bomb to the Soviets. They were found guilty & sentenced to death leaving behind two sons.

Rosenbergs

The United States, Great Britain, France, Canada, and many others composed the \________ during World War II.

Allied Powers

Japan, Germany, and Italy composed the \________ during World War II.

Axis Powers