Behaviorism Test- Classical Conditioning Key Terms

Classical Conditioning

a biological process of associating two stimuli; prediction of events

Ian Pavlov

studied the association of two stimuli from dogs and bringing out food after ringing a bell to see if the dogs salivate from just the sound of the bell

Unconditioned Stimulus

naturally causes response (innate). “un”= normal situation

Neutral Stimulus

does not cause natural response (ex. bell ringing before conditioning). when paired with unconditioned stimulus, may develop into natural response; becomes conditioned stimulus

Response

natural response to unconditioned response; when paired with conditioned stimulus, response can 

Conditioned stimulus

natural response to the formerly neutral stimulus

John B. Watson

“father of behaviorism”- the “Little Albert” experiment; observed behavior in response to stimuli; three emotions to which behaviors can be conditioned: love, fear, rage

Extinction

pairing between 2 stimuli broken, Unconditioned stimulus does not follow Conditioned stimulus

Spontaneous Recovery 

after extinction, reappearance of conditioned response

Generalization

similar stimuli elicit same conditioned response

Discrimination

distinguish between conditioned response and the stimuli does not signal unconditioned stimulus

Higher order conditioning

conditioned response in one experiment is paired with a new neutral stimulus to create another often weaker conditioned stimulus

Biological predisposition

associations that organisms develop in order to adapt (ex. food poisoning)