STEPS IN AMALGAM MANIPULATION, CONDENSATION, & CARVING

1. Achieve workable mass within min. time

2. Remove oxides from powder particle surface

3. Pulverized pellet particles that can easily attached to mercury

4. Reduce particle size to increase surface area of alloy particles

5. Dissolve part of particles in mercury

Objectives of Trituration Process TRITURATION

homogenous mass

reflective surface

flattens slightly

table top

topic: TRITURATION

A properly triturated amalgam is a _ with slightly_. It _ if dropped on a _.

Achieve workable mass

TOPIC: Objectives of Trituration Process TRITURATION

_within min. time

Dissolve part of particles

TOPIC: Objectives of Trituration Process TRITURATION

_ in mercury

Reduce particle size

alloy particles

TOPIC: Objectives of Trituration Process TRITURATION

_ to increase surface area of_

Pulverized pellet particles

mercury

TOPIC: Objectives of Trituration Process TRITURATION

_ that can easily attached to _

oxideS

powder particle

TOPIC: Objectives of Trituration Process TRITURATION

RemovE_s from_ surface

A properly triturated amalgam is a homogenous mass with slightly reflective surface. It flattens slightly if dropped on a table top.

tRITURATION?

Continuation of trituration, this step is used to improve the homogenous consistency of the mass and assure consistent mix. (2 5 secs).

2. MULLING

improve

homogenous consistency,

mass

consistent mix

TOPIC:

continuation of trituration, this step is used to i_ the _of the_ and assure consistent mix. (2 5 secs).

Operator should have a mental image of preparation before condensing amalgam to aid in locating cavosurface margins during carving procedure.

MATRICING (for Class II cavities)

mental image, preparation, condensing amalgam

Topic: 3. MATRICING (for Class II cavities)

Operator should have a _ of_ before _to aid in locating cavosurface margins during carving procedure.

locating cavosurface margins

Carving procedure

Topic: 3. MATRICING (for Class II cavities)

Operator should have a mental image of preparation before condensing amalgam to aid in _ during _

 Squeezes unreacted mercury out of the increments building up the restoration. (3 mins)

 Amalgam should be inserted incrementally and condensed with overlapping strokes.

• Tooth preparation should be _ to ensure _that is NOT _

4. CONDENSATION

• unreacted mercury, increments, restoration

• incrementally, condensedoverlapping strokes

Topic: Condensation

• Squeezes _out of the _ building up the _. (3 mins)

• Amalgam should be inserted_and_ with _.

• overpacked

• well-condensed marginal amalgam

• mercury rich.

Topic: Condensation

• Tooth preparation should be _ to ensure _that is NOT _

• light stroke,amalgam surface , occlusal, conspicuous portions

• burnishing, large burnisher, condensation

Topic: BURNISHING OR SURFACING

 After condensation the next procedure is burnishing using a_ proceeding from the _to the tooth surface on the _ AND OTHER_ OF the restorations.

 Precarve_ with _ is a form of _

 After condensation the next procedure is burnishing using a light stroke proceeding from the amalgam surface to the tooth surface on the occlusal and other conspicuous portions of the restorations.

 Precarve burnishing with large burnisher is a form of condensation

BURNISHING OR SURFACING

1.1. Reduce the size and no. of voids on critical & marginal areas of the amalgam

1.2. Bring excess mercury to be discarded during carving

1.3. Adapt amalgam to cavosurface margin

1.4. Conditions the surface before carving.

4 OBJECTIVES OF BURNISHING

• voids, critical & marginal areas

• discarded during carving

• cavosurface margin

• Conditions the surface

4 OBJECTIVES OF BURNISHING

1.1. Reduce the size and no. of _on _ of the amalgam

1.2. Bring excess mercury to be _

1.3. Adapt amalgam to _

1.4. _ before carving.

 Anatomical sculpturing of amalgam material

 Carver should rest partially on external tooth surface adjacent to margins to prevent overcarving.

 Deep occlusal grooves invite chipping of amalgam at margins

 Thin portions of amalgam left on external surfaces soon break away, giving the appearance that amalgam has grown out of preparation.

CARVING

• Anatomical sculpturing

• rest partially, external tooth surface,overcarving

• occlusal grooves, chipping, margins

• break away, appearance , grown out of preparation

 _ of amalgam material

 Carver should_ on _ adjacent to margins to prevent _.

 Deep_ invite _ of amalgam at _

 Thin portions of amalgam left on external surfaces soon _, giving the _that amalgam has_.

1.1. Produce restorations w/ no overhangs

1.2. Produce restorations w/ proper physiological contour

1.3. Produce restorations w/ functional non interfering occlusal anatomy

1.4. Produce restorations w/ adequate compatible marginal ridge

1.5. Produce restorations w/ minimal flash.

1.6. Produce restorations w/ proper size, location, extent & inter relationship of contact area.

1.7. Produce restorations w/o interfering w/ periodontium

1.8. Produce restorations w/ physiological compatible embrasure.

8 OBJECTIVES OF CARVING

“Noodles, Pancakes, Fries – Arvee Makes Perfect Instant Plates!”

flash beyond margins

Irregular

larger

preparation outline

Topic: Carving

Undercarved amalgam with _. Note that restoration outline is _ and _ than _

 Correctly carved amalgam restoration

Topic: Carving

Heavy occlusal contacts

Articulating paper

dark areas

shiny centers

Topic: Carving

_ on new amalgam should be avoided. _ will mark heavy contacts as _ with _.

Heavy occlusal contacts on new amalgam should be avoided. Articulating paper will mark heavy contacts as dark areas with shiny centers.

Topic: Carving

carved out of occlusion

light occlusal contact

contact

indicated by faint markings

Topic: Carving

Amalgam should not be_. Rather, it should have _ or _ as_.

Amalgam should not be carved out of occlusion. Rather, it should have light occlusal contact or contacts as indicated by faint markings.

Topic: Carving

 Amalgam flash that was left after carving is removed

 Major overhangs are removed

 Remove superficial scratches and irregularities.

 POLISHING

o Stones or finishing burs, finishing disks

o Pumice, dentifrice, tin oxide

o Rubbercup

 When necessary, use fine-grit alumina or carborundum stone to develop continuity of surface from tooth to restoration.

7. FINISHING AND POLISHING

• flash, after carving, removed

• Major overhangs

• superficial scratches , irregularities

Topic: 7. FINISHING AND POLISHING

 Amalgam _ that was left_ is _

_ are removed

 Remove _and_.

o Stones or finishing burs, finishing disks

o Pumice, dentifrice, tin oxide

o Rubbercup

• fine-grit alumina, carborundum stone

• continuity of surface

• restoration.

7. FINISHING AND POLISHING

 POLISHING

• When necessary, use _ or _ to develop _ from tooth to _

Use round finishing bur

topic: FINISHING AND POLISHING

The stone’s or bur’s long axis is held at right angle to the margin

topic: FINISHING AND POLISHING

the stone’s or bur’s long axis is held at right angle to the margin

topic: FINISHING AND POLISHING

Initiate polishing with coarse, rubber abrasive point at low speed

topic: FINISHING AND POLISHING

Point should produce smooth, satiny appearance.

topic: FINISHING AND POLISHING

Obtain high polish with medium-grit and fine-girt abrasive

topic: FINISHING AND POLISHING

Polished restoration

topic: FINISHING AND POLISHING

• Use round finishing bur

• The stone’s or bur’s long axis is held at right angle to the margin

• Initiate polishing with coarse, rubber abrasive point at low speed

• Point should produce smooth, satiny appearance.

• Obtain high polish with medium-grit and fine-girt abrasive

• Polished restoration

UITPOP