Orgo Spectras & General Rules

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Orgo 1

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33 Terms

1
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What is a primary vs secondary vs tertiary carbon?

Bonded to 1 carbon vs 2 carbons vs 3 carbons

2
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Interior carbons vs end carbons?

Interior carbons have higher chemical shift vs end carbons (usually higher degree)

3
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How to calculate degree of unsaturation (HDI)?

[2*C+2+N-H-X]/2, X = halogens

4
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What is upfield shift?

low frequency, towards right, lower chemical shifts, shielded

5
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What is downfield shift?

high frequency, towards left, higher chemical shifts, deshielded

6
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[H-NMR] How do we know if multiple protons are part of the same signal?

Have same chemical environment, symmetrical, equal distance from other functional groups

7
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[H-NMR] Taller signals represent…

More Hs present (w/same chemical environment)

8
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[H-NMR] How to determine multiplicity?

Number of H’s attached to neighboring carbons plus 1 (N+1) (ex. CH2 next to CH3, CH2 = quartet (3+1) relative to CH2)

9
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More electronegative adjacent atom is…

Higher the chemical shift (deshielded)

10
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[H-NMR] Trick to find benzene ring?

Two almost identical peaks close together, peak around 7 ppm

11
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

1500-1600

12
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

1600-1700

13
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

1650-1850

14
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

2100-2200

15
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

2200-2300

16
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

2800-3000

17
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

3000-3100

18
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

3250-3333

19
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

3350-3500

20
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<p>[IR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[IR] What’s the range of this group?

3200-3600

21
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<p>[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

5-84

22
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<p>[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

70-90

23
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<p>[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

92-135

24
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<p>[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

110-160

25
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<p>[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[C-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

162-200

26
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

0.1-0.8

27
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

1.2-1.5

28
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

2-3.4

29
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

3-4.5 (name: alkyl halide)

30
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

4.6-6.5

31
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

6.6-8.5 (aka: aromatics)

32
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

9-10.1

33
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<p>[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?</p>

[H-NMR] What’s the range of this group?

10.2-13