Endosymbiosis and Eukaryotic Diversity

These flashcards cover key concepts related to endosymbiosis, the complexity of eukaryotic life, and the classification of protists.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own that matches proteobacteria and cyanobacteria.

DNA

Mitochondria and chloroplast divide by __, similar to bacterial cells.

binary fission

Chloroplasts are derived from through endosymbiosis.

cyanobacteria

Mitochondria are derived from through endosymbiosis.

heterotrophic bacteria

The benefit of flexible cell structure allows for increased __ and metabolic rates.

cell volume

Endosymbiosis led to the development of more __ cells.

complex

The process where a cell 'eats' another is known as __.

phagocytosis

Examples of primary endosymbiosis led to chloroplasts in and red algae.

green algae

The __ tree shows the evolutionary relationships involving mitochondria and chloroplasts.

phylogenetic

Corn mitochondrial RNA shares a common ancestor with __ RNA.

E. Coli

Human nuclear RNA is clustered with __ bacteria in the phylogenetic tree.

halobacterium

Protists are not _ resolved in biological classifications.

well

The three main types of protists are algae, protozoa, and __.

slime molds

The two types of metabolism discussed for protists are photosynthesis and __.

heterotrophy

A group that includes a common ancestor and all its descendants is called __.

monophyletic

A group that includes some but not all descendants of a common ancestor is called __.

paraphyletic

A group that includes organisms from multiple lineages without a shared common ancestor is called __.

polyphyletic

Malaria is caused by __, a type of apicomplexan protist.

Plasmodium

The hierarchy of life indicates that protists can be categorized but often have __ relationships.

confusing

Primary producers in the ocean, such as dinoflagellates, are also classified as __.

alveolates

The study of _ has revealed much about eukaryotic genomes but still leaves many questions about protists.

phylogeny