Unit 5 Part 2

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42 Terms

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deinstitutionalization

moving people with psychological or developmental disabilities from highly structured institutions to home- or community-based settings

<p>moving people with psychological or developmental disabilities from highly structured institutions to home- or community-based settings</p>
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evidence based intervention

a treatment that has been found to be effective on the basis of valid and reliable research studies

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biomedical approach

focuses on biological causes and medical treatment; offers medications and other biological treatments that act directly on a person's physiology

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psychotherapy

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

<p>treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth</p>
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Eclectic approach

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

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meta analysis

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

<p>a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies</p>
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therapeutic alliance

a relationship between client and therapist that is caring, genuine, and empathetic

<p>a relationship between client and therapist that is caring, genuine, and empathetic</p>
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positive expectations

the belief that things can and will get better through therapy

<p>the belief that things can and will get better through therapy</p>
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cultural humility

which involves striving to understand and respect different cultural groups values, beliefs, and traditions

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group therapy

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction

<p>therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction</p>
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Nonmalefience

do no harm

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fidelity

establish and maintain trustworthy relationships with clients, colleagues, and the public

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integrity

honesty, high moral standards; an unimpaired condition, completeness, soundness

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respect for people's rights and dignity

Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all people, and the rights of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination.

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free association

in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing

<p>in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing</p>
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dream analysis

the therapist interprets the symbolic meaning of the client's dreams

<p>the therapist interprets the symbolic meaning of the client's dreams</p>
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interpretations

a psychoanalytic method that uses suggestions of underlying wishes, feelings, and conflicts

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unconscious

influences on the mind

<p>influences on the mind</p>
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Person centered therapy

a nondirective insight therapy based on the work of Carl Rogers in which the client does all the talking and the therapist listens

<p>a nondirective insight therapy based on the work of Carl Rogers in which the client does all the talking and the therapist listens</p>
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token economy

a form of behavior therapy in which clients are given "tokens" for desired behaviors, which they can later trade for rewards

<p>a form of behavior therapy in which clients are given "tokens" for desired behaviors, which they can later trade for rewards</p>
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aversion therapy

A behavior therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response.

<p>A behavior therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response.</p>
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biofeedback

a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension

<p>a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension</p>
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Cognitive triad

negative thoughts about self, world, and the future

<p>negative thoughts about self, world, and the future</p>
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cognitive restructuring

a therapeutic approach that teaches clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative emotions and to replace negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs

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Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people's illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions

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dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

A treatment often used for borderline personality disorder that incorporates both cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness elements.

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hynosis

state of consciousness in which the person is especially susceptible to suggestion

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psychoactive medications

used to treat psychological disorders

<p>used to treat psychological disorders</p>
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anti-anxiety drugs

drugs used to treat and calm anxiety reactions, typically minor tranquilizers

<p>drugs used to treat and calm anxiety reactions, typically minor tranquilizers</p>
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Antidepressants

drugs that combat depression by affecting the levels or activity of neurotransmitters in the brain (serotonin)

<p>drugs that combat depression by affecting the levels or activity of neurotransmitters in the brain (serotonin)</p>
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Mood Stabilizers

drugs used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar mood disorders (lithium)

<p>drugs used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar mood disorders (lithium)</p>
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Antipsychotic medications

Prescription drugs that are used to reduce psychotic symptoms; frequently used in the treatment of schizophrenia (dopamine)

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tardive dyskinesia

involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target certain dopamine receptors

<p>involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target certain dopamine receptors</p>
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electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

<p>a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient</p>
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psychosurgery

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

<p>surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior</p>
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deep brain stimulation

electrical stimulation applied through surgically implanted electrodes; used to treat severe cases of depression

<p>electrical stimulation applied through surgically implanted electrodes; used to treat severe cases of depression</p>
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transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

electrified coil placed very near the skull delivers and electric shock to a specific area of the brain

<p>electrified coil placed very near the skull delivers and electric shock to a specific area of the brain</p>
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What is Person-Centered Therapy?

Person-Centered Therapy is a type of therapy that helps people grow and heal by focusing on their needs and feelings, developed by Carl Rogers.

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What is Classical Conditioning?

learning by connection.

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What is Operant Conditioning?

Operant Conditioning is learning where behaviors are influenced by rewards or penalties.