physical science PS.2 - Matter

Atomic theory

The scientific theory that matter is made up of atoms

Erwin Schrödinger’s Model

The electron cloud model; our current understanding of atoms

Bohr’s model is ___

Inaccurate

Atoms are the ___

basic building blocks of all matter

The nucleus of an atom is ___

dense

What two particles of an atom are inside the atomic nucleus?

protons and neutrons

What is in the space outside of the nucleus?

Electrons

Atoms are held together by ___

electromagnetic forces

Properties of atoms are based on ___

the atomic number and arrangement of parts inside an atom

What are the 3 subatomic particles in an atom?

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

What is the mass of 1 proton (in AMU)?

1 AMU

What is the mass of 1 neutron (in AMU)?

1 AMU

What is the mass of 1 electron (in AMU)?

1/2000 AMU or 0.00055 AMU

What is the charge of a proton?

Positive

What is the charge of a neutron?

Neutral

What is the charge of an electron?

Negative

The organization of the periodic table can be used to ___

predict characteristics and tendencies of elements

What are the __*vertical columns*__ in the periodic table called?

Groups

What are the __*horizontal rows*__ in the periodic table called?

Periods

What is a similarity of the elements in a group?

Same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties

What is a similarity of the elements in the same period?

the same number of energy levels

What is the theory that says that atoms & molecules are always in motion and have kinetic energy that increases when raising the temperature?

the kinetic molecular theory

Where are __metals__ on the periodic table?

the left

Where are __nonmetals__ on the periodic table?

the right

Where are metalloids on the periodic table?

the “staircase”