Bio final

Based on observations you suggest a \__________

hypothesis

What allows cells to perform different functions

Cell specialization

The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits

homeostasis

What is the smallest objects that biologists study

molecules

Science relies on \__________ explanations

testing

What subject is best described as a 'way of knowing'

science

The work of scientists usually begins with careful \____________

observations

What is information gathered during an experiment called?

data

What characteristic of living things is happening when birds fly south for the winter?

Responding to their environment

What are the characteristic of living things?

1 Nutrition. Living things take in materials from their surroundings that they use for growth or to provide energy. ...

2 Respiration. ...

3 Movement. ...

4 Excretion. ...

5 Growth.

6 Reproduction. ...

7 Sensitivity.

What is formed when you join two or more elements in definite amounts?

compound

What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?

positive

A water molecule is slightly \______ because the electrons spend more time around the oxygen atom.

negative

A \_______ is a mixture in which the substances are evenly spread out.

solution

When salt is dissolved in water, water is the

solvent

A substance with a pH of 6 is called

An acid

\_______is special because it can bond to one another and form a lot of different structures.

Carbon

Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the \_______ of the reaction.

Speed

Branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment

Ecology

Bacteria from roots of legumes (plants) put what nutrient into the soil

nitrogen

Would more nitrogen in the soil increase or decrease productivity of a new crop

increase

Model of complex feeding interactions among organisms in a community from producers to decomposers

Food web

What would you call a bird that stalks, kills, and eats an insect

Carnivore, consumer, heterotroph

10% of energy is passed to the next trophic level, what happens to the rest?

Eliminated as heat

What can recycle because it is not used up, it is transformed

matter

What is the first thing that would happen if you add that limiting nutrient to a pond

Algal bloom

What type of factor is the \# and kind of predators in the ecosystem

biotic

Would the \# and kind of predators in the ecosystem affect the size of a population

yes

What would a lion do if there was a period of no rainfall where he lived

Temporarily leave

Is no rain fall a biotic or abiotic factor

abiotic

An area's day to day conditions

weather

The area's average conditions

climate

A natural phenomenon that maintains Earth's temperature range

Greenhouse effect

When a wolf hunts, kills, and eats a moose... it is called a \___________

predator

When one organism is harmed and the other benefits

parasitism

When one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

commensalism

Succession that begins on soil

secondary

Succession that begins on newly exposed surfaces

primary

During succession, what modifies the environment a little at a time

Living organisms

\_________ is a global factor that produces a wide range of environmental conditions that shape communities

climate

Which biome has long, cold winters and short summers (home to conifers)

Boreal forest

What type of ecosystem would you find oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements dissolved in water

Aquatic

The average conditions of the atmosphere in a particular area

climate

What type of succession would follow lava flow

primary

What factor could interrupt the progress of succession

Another natural disturbance

What happens to the population if: death rate higher than birth rate

decrease

An introduced species has no predators.. What type of growth will it most likely show

exponential

As resources become less available (no long unlimited) the population will reach \_______ \________

Carrying capacity

Is temperature density-dependent or

independent

What happens to the population if: birth rate higher than death rate

increase

The study of human populations

Demography

Approx. 250 yrs ago, human population experienced exponential growth thanks to

Industrial revolution

Is an earthquake density-dependent or density-independent?

independent

What happens to the population if: emigration is higher than immigration

decrease

Type of farming: gives the ability to grow a lot of food

monoculture

What is 1 benefit of monoculture farming

Ability to grow a lot of food

Trees are an example of what type of resource

renewable

Farmland changed into land that cannot support plant life

desertification

Poor farming habits/overgrazing, drought, etc. can cause what?

desertificaiton

As ddt moves up the trophic levels in food chains or food webs, what happens to its concentration

Increases/gets bigger

Type of species that can threaten biodiversity because they crowd out native species

Introduces/exotic

An area where many habitats and species are at high risk of extinction

Ecological hot spot

Would introducing an exotic species to an area be good or bad for biodiversity conservation

bad

One measure of human impact on the biosphere is called ???

Ecological footprint

Type of resource; once used up they cannot be replaced

nonrenewable

Type of organism encloses their DNA in a nucleus

eukaryotes

Bacteria is an example of what type of organism

prokaryotes

The nucleus is surrounded by what gel like fluid

cytoplasm

Cells use Microtubules and microfilaments for \____________ (function)

Movement(and structure)

Organelle that converts chemical energy stores in food into compounds for the cell to use

mitochondria

Organelle found in plants, not animals (involves energy)

chloroplast

Regulates the movement of materials into and out of the (all) cell(s)

Plasma (cell) membrane

Molecules constantly move and collide with each other; leading to particles moving across the membrane; no energy needed; no channels needed

Passive transport/diffusion

Which type of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell

Active transport

Term describes the relatively constant internal physical conditions of an organism

homeostasis

Type of organism whose cell lacks a nucleus

prokaryote

Coded instructions for making cell's proteins

DNA

Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer useful

lysosome

What are the 3 parts of an atp molecule

Adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate groups

What molecule has ribose, adenine, and 3 phosphate groups

ATP

ATP: when a bond is broken, energy \_______

releases

When a phosphate group is removed from atp, \____________ is released

energy

What provides energy for the mechanical functions of cells

ATP

Which phosphate group breaks off when energy is released from atp

The 3rd (last one/on the end)

Organisms that make their own food care called?

autotroph

Organisms that cannot make their own food (must obtain energy form external sources)

heterotroph

Plant:Autotroph or heterotroph???

autotroph

human: Autotroph or heterotroph???

heterotroph

Process is when autotrophs produce carbohydrates

photosynthesis

Light absorbing molecule

Pigment (ex. Chlorophyll)

Plants get the energy needed for photosynthesis by absorbing \____________

sunlight

What is the role of nadp+

Electron carrier

What causes the electrons in the chlorophyll molecule to become energized

Sunlight strikes it

What gas does a plant give off when it is sitting in sunlight

oxygen