Intro to Sped Final Test

What does IEP stand for?

Individualized Education Program

True or false: Special Ed. Laws are written at the National Level to provide protection for all students regardless of which state they live in.

True

What is the definition of Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)?

Schools are to educate students with disabilities with children without disabilities to the maximum extent appropriate.

Which are related services that when appropriate must be provided to a student with a disability as described in Sped Law?

Occupational therapy, speech therapy, and interpreting services

What is the definition of Zero Reject?

Provision that all students, regardless of the severity of their disability, have a right to education.

What is the definition of Procedural Safeguards?

Extensive set of procedures that schools must follow to protect the rights of students with disabilities.

What is the definition of Child Find System?

Requires schools to locate, identify, and evaluate all students that have or may have a disability.

What is the definition of Assistive Technology?

Any item or device that is required or used to promote improved capacities of students with disabilities.

What is the definition of Extended School Year?

Services provided outside of the typical 180 day school year to promote progress maintenance and prevent learning loss.

True or false: Schools that suspend or expel students with disabilities must continue to provide those students with sped services.

True

Evaluations for sped must be unbiased and multifactored is a protection under which principle of IDEA?

Nondiscriminatory Evaluation

IDEA is written to promote which of the following?

Inclusion

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 emphasized two major areas: promoting scientifically based instruction for all students, and ____________?

Accountability

What are some reasons that a student might be referred for an evaluation for sped?

Teacher concerns with learning behavior, parent/guardian concerns with learning behavior, and/or results of classroom assessments.

The IEP and student placement are ________.

Fluid

True or false: A single test can be used to determine eligibility for sped.

False

True or false: Parents/guardians who sign consent for evaluation can later change their minds and prevent evaluation processes from happening.

True

Which of the following alternative placements is considered MOST restrictive: resource room, home bound or hospital, separate school, or general education classroom.

Homebound or hospital

How often is the IEP team required to meet to update the IEP document?

Every year

True or false: Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) is the same as inclusion.

False

True or false: Once a student has an IEP they will keep it until they graduate form the school.

False

Required members of the IEP team include…

Sped teacher, school admin or education agency representative, general education teacher, and parents/guardians who sign of the student with a disability.

Which criteria is included in the IDEA definition of an intellectual disability?

Deficits in adaptive behavior

Students with intellectual disabilities are likely to have difficulty with what?

Motivation, memory, and attention

True or false: Intelligence (IQ) tests are reliable and appropriate for all students.

False

What are some categories of adaptive behavior skills?

Conceptual skills (reading and writing), practical skills (daily living skills), and social skills (interacting with others).

True or false: IQ scores should be used to write the IEP.

False

What is the definition of academic curriculum?

Learning curriculum that includes traditional subjects such as reading, writing, and math.

What is the definition of functional curriculum?

Learning curriculum that includes independent care skills, health and fitness focuses, and interactions in the community.

What is the definition of normalization?

A philosophy that people with intellectual disabilities should be both physically and socially integrated into everyday society.

What is the definition of self-determination?

An individual sets personal goals for learning and assists in developing a personal plan to meet those goals.

What is the definition of task analysis?

Breaking down complex skills into their simplest steps to assist in learning.

A SLD may impact performance in which areas?

Reading, spelling, and math calculations.

True or false: A student with an intellectual disability that experiences learning problems could also qualify or sped as a student with a learning disability.

False

What is the most common problem for students with learning disabilities?

Reading

True or false: Learning disabilities is the largest of all sped categories.

True

True or false: In most cases, the cause of a student’s learning disability is known.

False

What method has been shown to identify students with learning disabilities earlier in school?

Response intervention

In what placement do most students with learning disabilities receive the majority of their education?

General education classroom

True or false: Selective mutism is an example of an internal behavior.

True

True or false: Students identified with an emotional-behavior disorder typically perform at or above average in academic subjects.

False

True or false: The majority of students referred for an evaluation for behavior disorders are boys.

True

What does FBA stand for?

Functional Behavior Assessment

What are the two most common functions of behavior?

Avoidance/escape and attention

What is a required IEP component for students who demonstrate behaviors that disrupt their school performance?

Behavior Intervention Plan

What helps students gain control over their environment and take responsibility for their own actions?

Self-management skills

What is the definition of theory of mind?

The intuitive ability to distinguish and interpret one’s own and other people’s thoughts, motives, and beliefs.

What is the definition of stereotypy?

Persistent and repetitive motor or verbal behaviors that do not serve any apparent function.

What is the definition of echolalia?

Verbatim repetitions of what other people have said and non-contextual phrases without any apparent communicative purpose.

What is the definition of social stories?

Interventions used that explains social situations in a format understandable and relatable for students with ASD.

What is the definition of executive functioning?

The ability to regulate one’s own behavior, such as planning and goal setting.

What are some criteria for diagnosis for Autism?

Deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication, deficits in social interactions, and onset during childhood (typically before age 3).

True or false: Inflexibility with routines is a common characteristic of children with Autism.

True

What is the definition of joint attention?

When two people use gestures and eye gaze to direct each other’s attention to something.

True or false: Facilitated Communication has been shown by research to be an effective communication option for children with Autism.

False

What does ABA stand for?

Applied Behavior Analysis

Students that are deaf rely primarily on what sense for learning and communication?

Visual

True or false: All students who are blind use braille to communicate.

False

True or false: It is typical with visual impairments that each eye has the SAME vision abilities.

False

True or false: Only students with permanent hearing loss are eligible to receive special education services under IDEA.

True

What is the definition of visual acuity?

The ability to clearly distinguish forms or discriminate among details.

True or false: All visual impairments are related to dysfunction in the structure of the eye.

False

What is the definition of orientation and mobility?

A specialized related service that is provided to students with visual impairments in order to support their specialized needs in learning to navigate their environment.

Students with ADHD, and no other disability, are most often served under which category under IDEA?

Other Health Impairment (OHI)

What are three common classroom accommodations for students with ADHD?

Extended time on tests/assignments, complex tasks broken into smaller components, and preferential seating.

True or false: The cause of all cases of ADHD is linked to brain damage/dysfunction.

False

Orthopedic impairments refer to impairments involving what?

Skeletal system

True or false: Most students served under the category of OHI experience chronic health conditions.

True

True or false: Schools are required (when it is found necessary) to pay for nursing services for students who need medical treatment during school hours.

True

What is a common cause of educational disruption that hampers student learning for students with health impairments?

Frequent absences from school

Attention to maintenance of motor schools, movement, and posture is the primary focus of which related service provider?

Physical therapists

What is the definition of severe disabilities?

Commonly described as significant impairments in intellectual, motor, and/or social functioning.

What is the definition of profound disabilities?

Commonly described as functioning no higher than a 2-year-old level in terms of cognitive, communication, social skills, and daily living skills.

What is the definition of multiple disabilities?

Concomitant (co-ocurring) impairments that cause severe needs.

What is the definition of traumatic brain injury?

An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external force.

Multiple Disabilities is used as verification for students with _______ disabilities that require specialized programming.

Significant

True or false: Most individuals with deaf-blindness have no functional vision or hearing.

False

True or false: The majority of individuals with deaf-blindness also experience additional disabilities.

True

What is the definition of age-appropriateness?

The expectation that students participate in similar activities to their same age peers.

What are some appropriate ways to communicate with a person who is deaf-blind?

Braille, tactile sign, and/or manual alphabet.

True or false: Most students with Multiple Disabilities receive the majority of their education in general education classrooms.

False

What is the plan called for children who receive Early Intervention Services?

Individual Family Service Plan (IFSP)

True or false: Early Intervention services may be provided in the homes of children receiving services.

True

Early childhood special education programs are designed to promote student development in what domains?

Academic, social/emotional, motor, and behavioral.

Twice Exceptional individuals are what?

Gifted and disabled

True or false: Students who are considered gifted and talented are able to make academic progress without the help of teachers.

False

What is the ultimate goal of transition planning for individuals with disabilities?

Provide a better quality of life for individuals with disabilities.

True or false: The dropout rates for students with disabilities is lower than the rate for students without disabilities.

False

Transition components of an IEP must be included no later than what age?

14

True or false: Young adults with disabilities are more likely to be arrested than their non-disabled peers.

True

What are examples of appropriate transition assessments?

Career aspirations assessment, life skills/planning assessment, and individual strengths and weaknesses assessment.

What is provided to each student who exits special education services either by graduation or exceeding the age of eligibility?

Summary of Performance

True or false: Young adults who are employed report higher quality of life ratings than those that are unemployed.

True

When is it recommended that career development and transition services begin for students with disabilities?

High school

True or false: Residential planning (i.e., where a young adult is going to live) is not a part of transition planning.

False

What is the definition of disenfranchisement?

Biased reactions or attitudes towards people with disabilities.