Latin 2 Grammar EXAM

Nominative (subject)

Noun about which a statement is made or a question is asked

Nominative (predicate nominative)

a noun that renames a subject. comes after linking verb

Nominative (predicate adjective)

describes the subject after a linking verb

Genitive

a noun that shows possession. translates with of

dative

Noun that receives direct object. translates with to or for

Accusative (direct object)

A noun that directly receives the action of the verb ----In English it comes after the verb.

accusative (object of certain preposition)

Follows Latin prepositions, usually indicating movement to or towards

Ablative

Follows certain Latin prepositions and completes the prepositional phrase

1 declension

feminine, only a few masculine

a ae

ae arum

ae is
am as

a is

2nd declension

masculine, neuter.

us, er ir i um a

i orum i orum

o is o is

um os um a

o is o is

3rd declension

masculine, feminine, neuter

varies, is, i, em, e, es, um, ibus, es, ibus

varies, is, i, varies, e, a. um, ibus, a, ibus

infinitive

verbal noun. direct object, subject, predicate nominative

infinitive formation

present active infinitive=same

Present passive infinitive= take out e and add i (amare -] amari)

Perfect active infinitive= Perfect plus sse

Perfect passive infinitive= perfect passive participle plus esse

Future Active Infinitive: Future Active Participle with esse (infinitive of "sum")
Future Passive Infinitive: Perfect Passive Participle (amatus,a,um) MINUS us,a,um PLUS um with "iri"

imperatives

• are commands (when you command someone to do something)

• are always second person (You (understood) is the subject)

• have two forms: singular and plural

• are normally paired with the Vocative case

plural= add te

ama amate

passive voice

subject receives action of verb

ablative of agent

passive voice. a or ab. noun thats carrying out action

adjective-noun agreement

they agree in case, number, and gender

perfect system, passive voice