Chapter 4 Quiz: The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starch, Glycogen, and Fiber

Which monosaccharide rarely occurs freely in nature but is tied up in milk sugar until it is freed during digestion?

a. glucose

b. fructose

c. sucrose

d. galactose

d. galactose

Which carbohydrate is NOT found in foods from plants?

a. glucose

b. fructose

c. glycogen

d. cellulose

c. glycogen

Which of the following sugars is converted to glucose in the liver?

a. sucrose

b. lactose

c. maltose

d. fructose

d. fructose

Which part of the grain is especially rich in oils, vitamins, and minerals?

a. bran

b. husk

c. endosperm

d. germ

d. germ

How many grams of fiber do the Dietary Reference Intakes suggest for adult women and men?

a. 5 for women; 10 for men

b. 10 for women; 20 for men

c. 25 for women; 38 for men

d. 28 for women; 35 for men

c. 25 for women; 38 for men

Which breakfast would provide the most soluble fiber?

a. 1 cup cream of wheat and 8 ounces of orange juice

b. 8 ounces of yogurt sweetened with honey

c. 2 cups of oatmeal with nonfat milk

d. 2 slices French toast (enriched bread)

c. 2 cups of oatmeal with nonfat milk

After chewing a piece of bread for a while you begin to experience a slightly sweet taste. This taste results from ________.

a. the liberation of maltose from starch

b. sucrose used in making bread

c. the additives used in "enriched" breads

d. the yeast fermentation of the dough

a. the liberation of maltose from starch

Digestion of starch begins in the__________.

a. mouth

b. stomach

c. small intestine

d. large intestine

a. mouth

Hormones play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a. Glucagon decreases the removal of glucose from the blood during stress.

b. Glucagon increases removal of glucose from the blood after a meal.

c. Insulin increases glucose uptake and storage in the cells, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels.

d. Insulin stimulates muscles to release glycogen that body cells can use for energy.

c. Insulin increases glucose uptake and storage in the cells, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels.

Which of the following statements about diabetes is TRUE?

a. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas produces some insulin but the cells become resistant to it.

b. Type 2 diabetes is never seen in children, so it is not of concern for them.

c. If someone is hypoglycemic, they should be given insulin immediately.

d. Type 1 diabetes is the most common kind of diabetes.

a. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas produces some insulin but the cells become resistant to it.

One typical symptom of hypoglycemia is ________.

a. nausea/vomiting

b. increased thirst

c. frequent urination

d. irregular heartbeat

d. irregular heartbeat

Enrichment refers to the addition of nutrients to a refined grain food product. What are the nutrients added during enrichment?

a. omega-3 fats and glucose

b. water-soluble vitamins and iron

c. essential amino acids and iron

d. fat-soluble vitamins and calcium

b. water-soluble vitamins and iron

A person with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has just been advised to begin a 2,100-calorie diet with 45 percent of the energy coming from carbohydrates. How many grams of carbohydrates would that be?

a. 105 grams

b. 135 grams

c. 236 grams

d. 337 grams

c. 236 grams

You are trying to choose a nutrient-dense snack from the fruit group. Your best choice would be ________.

a. fruit preserves made with fruit syrup

b. a "fruit beverage" containing 60 percent juice

c. a berry cobbler loaded with blueberries and a shortbread crust

d. a whole orange

d. a whole orange

Which of the following foods has the highest amount of fiber?

a. popcorn, 2 cups

b. brown rice, 1 cup

c. apple, 1 medium

d. pinto beans, ½ cup

d. pinto beans, ½ cup