Biology 2- chromosomes and mitosis/meiosis

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9 Terms

1

Number of chromosomes in a human

46 chromosomes and 23 pairs

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2

homologous chromosomes

chromosomes in a pair that contain gene coding for the same trait

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3

non sex chromosomes

22 pairs called autosomes

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4

sex chromosomes

23rd pair determine biological sex

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5

karyotype

image of a persons chromosomes to determine the number and appearance

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6

aneuploidy

the condition of missing or having an extra chromosome

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7

when does aneuploidy occur

when sister chromatids fail to separate during cell division (non- disjunction)

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8

mitosis

the process of one cell splitting into two new identical cells, allowing for growth and development or repair and replacement

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9

meiosis

type of cell division that reduced the chromosome number by half, resulting in the formation of 4 unique daughter cells. This is essential for reproduction

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