China theme 1

Areas in Reunification Campaigns

Tibet, Xinjiang, Guangdong

Tibet under Chinese control

May 1951

Role of Danwei

Allocated food, housing and clothing

What were Dangans

Dossiers containing info on anyone who came to Party's attention

Number of criminals arrested

150000

Who was 'The Tank'

Tao Zhu

Role of Tao Zhu

Clampdown on nationalists in Guangxi

Bandits killed in Guangxi

46000

Rao Shushi's proposal

Killings should be extended to within the Party

Mao accepts Rao Shushi's ideas

March 1951

how many died in terror of 1951 (Party estimate)

710000

how many died in terror of 1951 (Historian estimate)

2 million

'Three Antis Movement'

Tackled corruption, waste and delay in Party

'Five Antis Movement'

Tackled bribery, tax evasion, theft, fraud and espionage

When was the Five Antis Movement

Jan 1952

'Flies'

small scale embezzlement

'Tigers'

Larger corruption

of 'tigers' Bib Yibo claimed to have hunted down in Feb 1952

100000

How many died in laogai 1949 - 1972

25 million

thought reform

"the physical and mental liquidation of oneself by oneself"

Who did Tao Zhu take orders from

Luo Ruiqing

foreign business assets frozen

december 1950

example of hatred of foreigners

canadian nuns who ran an orphanage accused of killing 2,000 babies - rallies held against them

rifles collected in Guangdon in 1951

500,000

scale of five antis movement

feb 1952 - 3,000 meetings held in Shanghai

how many tibetans fought the PLA

60,000

army sent into tibet

oct 1950

how many killed in shanghai as part of crackdown on crime

28,000

who did mao identify as establishing 'independent kingdoms' in 1954

rao rashi and gao gang

effects of gao gang and rao rashi affair (1953)

gao gang commits suicide, rao rashi loses position

how many landlords were killed in the early 1950s

one million

agrarian land reform - effect on landlords

stripped legal protection from landlords

agrarian land reform date

1950

industrial output in 1945

only 25% of pre-war levels

food production in 1945

30% lower than 1937

how much of chinese land was cultivatable

15%

chinese population in 1949

541 million

chinese population in 1953

587 million

NRC set up

1932

how much of industry was state owned in 1945

70%

gov controlled press agency

xinhua

first meeting of the Chinese People's Political Consultive Conference (CPPCC)

september 1949

what was the CPPCC

acted as the provisional parliament until 1945

how was china divided

into six nations

why was gao gang significant

held all 4 posts (military commander, political commissar, gov chairman, party secretary) in Manchuria

no of bureaucrats in 1949

720,000

no of bureaucrats in 1959

8 million

zhou enlai

premier of the state council

spending on korean war

occupied half of government spending in 1951

impact of korean war

30% fall in foreign trade over a six month period

pla in 1950

5 million

no of prisoners in laogai by 1953

two million

economic impact of laogai

contributed 700 million yuan in industrial products a year by 1955 and 350,000 tonnes of grain

how many chinese people died in the korean war

one million

when did mao first call for open debate

april 1956

preface to the hundred flowers campaign

purge of 100 intellectuals after Hu Feng spoke against the party

how many arested in the hundred flowers campagn

500,000

democratic wall

beijing, june 1957

anti-rightist campaign

july 1957

prominent politician forced to apologise in hf

zhou enlai

germ warfare scare

feb 1952 - april 1953

annual budget for 1951

75% than 1950

killings in hubei

220 in jan 1951, 45,000 in oct

how many arrested on 28 April 1951

17,000 (after military official shot in Shangdong)

quote from mao

"all power lies in the barrel of a gun"

why was guangdong important

guangzhou - gmd capital

reunification of guangdong

capitulated 2 weeks after the prc declared in beijing

why was xinjiang important

80% uyghur population

catalyst for the antis movements

arrest of zhang zishan and liu qingshan for embezzling money from the party

when did mao first call for open debate in hundred flowers campaign

april 1956

date of hungarian revolution

oct 1956

how did the korean war promote national unity

"resist america, aid korea"

propoganda in korean war

truman and mcarthur as vampiric ghouls

no of counter rev executions in first half of 1951

800,000

chinese troops in civil war

90% got frostbite

how much did the korean war cost the prc in total

$10 billion

international impacts of korean war

us defence spending reached $50 billion a year for containment

stalin's reaction to the korean war

chen yi (china's foreign minister) reported it moved him to tears

futility of working hard in communes

"like beating a drum with a cucumber"

evidence of sino soviet split

1969 - clashes in Manchuria

What was the ‘Guanzhi’ system

• Placed convicts under surveillance of local party cadres to deal w/ congestion

• Luo Ruiqing spoke of 740,000 under this system in 1953