2025 Dairy Bowl Practice Questions

What is the oldest agricultural training program at the University of Wisconsin?

Farm and Industry Short Course

What are the three most common grooving patterns for improving a floor surface?

Parallel, diagonal, and diamond

What are the three main greenhouse gases produced by the U.S. dairy industry?

Methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide

What is the public trust in dairy producers regarding societal values called?

Social license

What test measures the amount of dirt in milk?

Sediment test

What process modifies the sperm plasma membrane after insemination?

Capacitation

How long should a wrap remain on a hairy heel wart?

24 hours

What type of bedding has the least amount of bacteria?

Sand

By what percent does composting reduce manure volume?

50%

What is the normal lactic acid level percent of dry matter?

4 to 7%

What term describes using manure handling data to enhance profitability decisions?

Precision agriculture

At what pH level does subclinical rumen acidosis occur?

Below 5.8 pH

Which acid is a primary precursor for milk fat synthesis?

Acetate or acetic acid

What worm is the most economically detrimental internal parasite?

Brown stomach worm

What is another name for the seed coat that protects corn kernels?

Pericarp

What term describes the previous predictor of animal behavior in cattle and horses?

Hair whorl or cowlick

What are specialized products made in a specific region to protect their uniqueness called?

Geographical indications

What condition results in the uterus filling with white blood cells?

Pyometra

What are the two significant enemies of a pathologist during a necropsy?

Time and temperature

What does the SAVE Act stand for?

Safeguarding American Value-Added Exports

What localized inflammation affects the uterine lining without systemic signs?

Endometritis

What was the 2023 World Dairy Expo Supreme Champion cow?

ERBACRES SNAPPLE SHAKIRA-ET

What does the SCR measurement rely on?

Conception rate rather than 70-day non-return rate

What does HACCP stand for?

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point

What is the recommended interval between tactile teat stimulation and milking unit attachment?

60 to 90 seconds

What is often the most expensive equipment on a farm or home, especially during winter?

Electric water heater

What fraction of landfill materials is food?

One-quarter

What do the initials NASS stand for in milk and cheese pricing?

National Agriculture Statistics Service

Four out of five DA's are found on which side of the belly wall?

Left side

What are the three major risk factors for foot wart?

Bacteria, management, and environment

Who ranks first for Holstein BAA milking over 250 cows?

J. Steven Arbaugh

What is the medical term for belching?

Eructation

What vitamin deficiency causes white muscle disease?

Vitamin E

How long after birth should a newborn calf be able to sit up?

5 minutes

What percent of U.S. dairy cows will have a calf going into the feedlot in 2024?

33% (+/-5%)

What is the measure of cows leaving the herd called?

Cull rate

What is the moisture content that makes hay a fire hazard in small stacked bales?

Above 20%

What organization supports women in dairy through connections, inspiration, and education?

Dairy Girl Network

What is the biggest obstacle to widespread biogas digesters?

High cost

What type of deficiency causes late-season yellowing in corn plants?

Nitrogen deficiency

How long is the interval from the onset of standing estrus to ovulation?

Approximately 28 hours

Which state has the most organic dairy farms?

New York

What is the concern with overstocked heifer pens?

Elevated competition leading to variability in body weight

What must organic nitrogen be converted to before it can be used by plants?

Nitrate

When do most embryonic losses occur after conception?

Between 28 to 42 days

What is the highest award for youth cattle exhibitors at World Dairy Expo?

Merle Howard Award

What do acid degree values measure?

Rancidity

What percent of cows are expected to chew cud while resting?

60 to 70%

What are the two most common external parasites?

Lice and mange

At what temperature are newborn calves cold stressed?

50 degrees F

What is the term for protein usable by rumen microbes?

Degradable protein

What does ROPS stand for in tractor safety?

Rollover protection structure

What do IDs on all milk containers represent?

State and plant of processing

How many weeks does corn silage usually take to ferment?

8 to 10 weeks

What percent of the time do heifers lie down?

50 to 60%

Who learned to milk a cow by hand on a TNT segment?

Charles Barkley

What phase occurs when oxygen is depleted in silage?

Fermentation phase

Where will the 2026 National Holstein Convention take place?

Florida

What percent of the plant should be left after grazing?

50%

What is the sex chromosome combination for a heifer?

XX

What accounts for over 50% of unweaned heifer deaths?

Scours, diarrhea, and digestive problems

What is another name for snaplage?

Earlage

How many servings of dairy are recommended daily for bone health?

3 servings

At what temperature should sexed semen be thawed?

95 to 98 degrees F

What hormone mobilizes calcium from bones?

Parathyroid hormone

What moisture level should be aimed for in a compost-bedded pack barn?

Below 60% moisture

How many days can refrigerated milk remain edible after the expiration date?

7 to 10 days

What percent of total dairy operation costs do rearing replacement heifers represent?

20%

What serotype is host-adapted to bovine and increasing in prevalence?

Salmonella Dublin (S. Dublin)

What size needle is used for a GnRH injection?

18 or 20 gauge

What are DairyComp 305 and PCDart?

Dairy Management software programs

Which wash cycle does 85% of the cleaning in milking equipment?

Prerinse

When was the deadline for the 2024 Farm Bill extended to?

September

What causes oxidized flavors in milk from plastic jugs?

Sunlight or fluorescent light

What is the optimum pH level of the rumen with healthy rumen microbes?

6.0 to 6.3 pH

What does PLANT stand for in agriculture?

Peas, Legumes, and Nuts Today

What mutation results in a short hair coat in Holsteins?

SLICK1 allele mutation

At how many days old should calves have access to water?

3 days

What was the average butterfat content of U.S. dairy last year?

4.11%

What is Tristar AMR in the Holstein Association USA?

Production records program for robotic milking systems

What infused bandages assist with wound healing?

Milk protein or casein

What percent of the U.S. beef supply comes from dairy animals?

20%

How long after birth should a newborn calf be able to suckle?

2 hours

What is the recommendation for milk replacer crude protein percent?

20 to 28%

What document outlines Grade A milk production standards?

Pasteurized Milk Ordinance (PMO)

What insect causes economic damage to alfalfa in the Midwest?

Potato leafhopper

What is required to order official 840 ear tags?

Premises identification number

How much loss in feed efficiency do ten flies per cow cause?

10%

What is the cost to become a National Junior Holstein member?

$30

What causes over 89% of lameness cases in cows?

Claw disorders

What reproductive disease has no cure and disrupts placenta development?

Brucellosis (Bang's)

What scholarship can the top individuals at the National Intercollegiate Judging Contest compete for?

Kildee scholarship

Where is the accepted site for semen deposition in AI?

Uterine body

What causes severe soil compaction in wet fields?

Wheel traffic

What is the most common reproductive program for resynchronization?

Ovsynch

What inhibits bacterial growth in fluid milk and cheese?

Carbon dioxide

What minor fatty acid compound improves muscle growth and is found in milk?

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)

What do the initials NFC represent in dairy cow rations?

Non-Fiber Carbohydrates

When do most pregnancy losses occur?

Before day 42 of gestation

What does TLC stand for in corn silage cutting recommendation?

Theoretical length of cut