teas 7 science - respiratory system

pathway of respiratory system

air enters nasal openings → nasal cavities → travels past pharynx → larynx → trachea → right or left bronchus → right or left lung → subdivide into broniciolies → alvioli

respiratory system - alvioli

site of gas exchange

respiratory system’s interaction with cardiovascular system

• hearts pulmonary system sends blood low in oxygen and high in co2 to lungs.

• oxygenated blood is returned to heart and gets sent all over body

• oxygen is consumed by cells, blood gets deoxygenated and returned to heart

respiratory system - how many sections are in the lungs

3 sections for the right lung, 2 sections for the left lung to make space for heart

factors affecting respiratory system

• asthma

• environemental factors: chemicals, pollen, smoke

• influzea

• pnuemonia

respiratory system function

• exchange of gasses between body and environment

• when u inhale, diaphragm contracts and moves downwards, pulling air in. oxygen passes from alevoli to blood

• when u exhale, diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards. co2 is released from alevoli to lungs (ventilation)

• responsible for maintaining ph in blood (ph low, repiration inc; controlled by brains medulla oblangta)

respiratory system - tidal volume

normal breath; inc tidal volume will inc diffusion of co2 out of the bloodstream

respiratory system - residual volume

small amount of air left that stays in the lungs and mixes w next breath

Which process describes the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the capillaries?

External respiration

Which process describes the exchange of gases between the capillaries to body tissues

internal respiration

Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for preventing food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

Epiglottis

Which part of the brain controls the rate and depth of breathing?

brainstem (medulla oblongata & pons)

During gas exchange in the lungs, oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the

capilliaries

What is the main function of surfactant in the alveoli?

Prevent collapse by reducing surface tension

Which condition is caused by damage to alveoli, reducing surface area for gas exchange?

Emphysema