Self Management Theory, Research, OT Applications

what is self management?

ongoing, collaborative process by which individuals develop skills, confidence and routines to manage health conditions within the context of daily life and meaningful occupations

what is the purpose of ITHBC?

explains how health behavior change happens and how to promote it

how can OTs use the ITHBC?

designing interventions to create behavior change

ITHBC

theory of change that explains how to actually change behaviors (knowledge → skills → support)

what does ITHBC stand for?

Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change

what does IFSMT stand for?

Individual and Family Self-Management Theory

IFSMT

helps us understand what makes self-management easier or harder and what leads to better health outcomes

what is the purpose of IFSMT?

explains how individuals and families manage chronic conditions within context

what is the OT use of the IFSMT?

understanding client and family context for self management

precontemplation

no recognition or need for, or interest in, change

contemplation

thinking about changing

preparation

planning for change

action

adopting new habits

maintenance

ongoing practice of new, healthier behaviors

what are the different stages of the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change?

• precontemplation

• contemplation

• preparation

• action

• maintenance

self efficacy

believing you can do something in a specific situation

what are the steps for problem solving?

• define problem clearly

• list possible solutions

• consider pros and cons

• choose best solution

• make a plan

• review results

what are OT applications for self management?

• set meaningful and realistic goals

• identify barriers and problem solve

• develop self management routines

• build self-efficacy

what are the core elements of chronic condition coaching?

• motivational interviewing

• goal setting

• action planning

• self monitoring

• problem solving

• feedback and encouragement

motivational interviewing

asking open-ended questions, listening deeply and guiding rather than telling

goal setting

creating specific, achievable and personally meaningful goals

action planning

breaking goals into small steps that fit daily routines

self monitoring

help clients track symptoms, energy, sleep or medication use

problem-solving

using structured worksheets or tools when setbacks occur

feedback and encouragement

reinforcing progress and normalizing relapse as part of the process