Spanish Units 5 & 6: Gramática

Gustar-like verbs

to be pleasing (to someone)

singular indirect object pronouns (gustar-like verbs)

me- to/for me

te- to/for you

le- to/ for you, him/her, it

plural indirect object pronouns (gustar-like verbs)

nos- to/for us

os- to/for you

les- to/for you, them

indicate who experiences the verb (a+ name/pronoun)

• A ti te gusta la clause de español.

• A nosotros nos interesa aprendar mucho.

make agreement between the verb and object that comes after

• Me gusta el chocolate.

• Me molestan las fresas.

Gustar-Like Verbs

• aburrir- to bore

• encantar- to like very much

• faltar- to lack, to need

• fascinar- to fascinate, to like very much

• importar- to be important to, to matter

• interesar- to be interesting to, to interest

• molestar- to bother, to annoy

• parecer- to seem (like)

• preocupar- to worry

• quedar- to be left over; to fit

when followed by another verb, conjugate the first and leave the second in the infinitive: (examples)

• prefiero beber café

• quiero comer en casa.

• debo estudiar mucho

what verbs are irregular e—> ie verbs?

preferir & querer

preferir

a preference for things

singular forms of preferir

yo- prefiero

tú- prefieres

él/ella/usted- prefiere

plural forms of preferir

nosotros/as- preferimos

vosotros/as- preferís

ellos/ellas/ustedes- prefieren

querer

a desire or want for things

singular forms of querer

yo- quiero

tú- quieres

él/ella/usted- quiere

plural forms of querer

nosotros/as- queremos

vosotros/as- queréis

ellos/ellas/ustedes- quieren

deber

should/must, an obligation

singular forms of deber

yo- debo

tú- debes

él/ella/usted- debe

plural forms of deber

nosotros/as- debemos

vosotros/as- debéis

ellos/ellas/ustedes- deben

what is ser used for?

to indicate dates, occupations, characteristics, time, origin, and relationships

singular forms of ser

yo- soy

tú- eres

él/ella/usted- es

plural forms of ser

nosotros/as- somos

vosotros/as- sois

ellos/ellas/ustedes- son

what is estar used for?

indicate position, location, action, condition, emotion

singular forms of estar

yo- estoy

tú- estás

él/ella/usted- está

plural forms of estar

nosotros- estamos

vosotros- estáis

ellos/as/ustedes- están

vos

• in the past: seen as a way to show respect or recognize authority

• currently: more about informality or closeness with the person you’re addressing

how is vos used in Guatemala?

indicates the level of familiarity with the person you are speaking to

how is vos used in Argentina?

usage changes towards the northwestern region, and resembles the one spoken in Chile

Vos form compared with Tu form, in the present indicative (examples)

Vos—————Tu

Mirás————Miras

Leés————-Lees

Compartís—Compartes

Viajás———-Viajas

Sabés———-Sabes

Saber

refers to knowing information, skills, or facts

singular forms of saber

yo- sé

tú- sabes

él/ella/usted- sabe

plural forms of saber

nosotros/as- sabemos

vosotros/as- sabéis

ellos/ellas/ustedes- saben

conocer

to know people, to be familiar with people/places

singular forms of conocer

yo- conozco

tú- conoces

él/ella/usted- conoce

plural forms of conocer

nosotros/as- concemos

vosotros/as- conocéis

ellos/ellas/ustedes- conocen