Amino Acids - structures & Pka values

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1
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Alanine (Ala/A)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.34

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.69

  • pKaR (side chain): not applicable, has a simple aliphatic side chain.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.34</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.69</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain): not applicable, has a simple aliphatic side chain. </p></li></ul><p></p>
2
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Arginine (Arg/R)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.17

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.04

  • pKaR (guanidinium group): 12.48

<ul><li><p><span>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.17</span></p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.04 </p></li><li><p>pKaR (guanidinium group): 12.48</p></li></ul><p></p>
3
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Asparagine (Asn/N)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.02

  • pKa2 (amino group): 8.80

  • pKaR (side chain): not applicable, has a simple amide side chain.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.02</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 8.80</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain): not applicable, has a simple amide side chain. </p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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Aspartic Acid (Asp/D)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.09

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.82

  • pKaR (side chain (β-COOH)): 3.86

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.09</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.82</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain (β-COOH)): 3.86</p></li></ul><p></p>
5
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Cysteine (Cys/C)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.71

  • pKa2 (amino group): 10.78

  • pKaR (side chain, thiol): 8.33

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.71</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 10.78</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, thiol): 8.33 </p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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Glutamic Acid (Glu/E)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.19

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.67

  • pKaR (side chain(γ-COOH)): 4.25

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.19</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.67</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain(γ-COOH)): 4.25 </p></li></ul><p></p>
7
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Glutamine (Gln/Q)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.17

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.13

  • pKaR (side chain, amide): none

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.17</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.13</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, amide): none </p></li></ul><p></p>
8
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Glycine (Gly/G)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.36

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.78

  • pKaR (side chain(Hydrogen)): none

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.36</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.78</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain(Hydrogen)): none </p></li></ul><p></p>
9
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Histidine (His/H)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.82

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.17

  • pKaR (side chain, imidazole): 6.00

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.82</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.17</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, imidazole): 6.00 </p></li></ul><p></p>
10
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Isoleucine (Ile/i)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.36

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.76

  • pKaR (side chain, sec-butyl): none

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.36</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.76</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, sec-butyl): none</p></li></ul><p></p>
11
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Leucine (Leu/L)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.36

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.60

  • pKaR (side chain, isobutyl): none

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.36</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.60</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, isobutyl): none</p></li></ul><p></p>
12
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Lysine (Lys/K)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.18

  • pKa2 (amino group): 8.95

  • pKaR (side chain, ϵϵ-amino group): 10.79

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.18</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 8.95</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, <span>ϵ<em>ϵ</em></span>-amino group): 10.79</p></li></ul><p></p>
13
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Methionine (Met/M)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.28

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.21

  • pKaR (side chain): N/A, as its thioether side chain is non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.28</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.21</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain): N/A, as its thioether side chain is non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.</p></li></ul><p></p>
14
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Phenylalanine (Phe/F)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.83

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.13

  • pKaR (side chain, benzyl group): N/A, as its side chain is non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.83</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.13</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, benzyl group): N/A, as its side chain is non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.</p></li></ul><p></p>
15
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Proline (Pro/P)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.99

  • pKa2 (amino group): 10.60

  • pKaR (side chain): N/A, as its cyclic structure incorporates the amino group and lacks an additional ionizable side chain.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 1.99</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 10.60</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain): N/A, as its cyclic structure incorporates the amino group and lacks an additional ionizable side chain.</p></li></ul><p></p>
16
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Serine (Ser/S)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.21

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.15

  • pKaR (side chain, hydroxyl group): N/A, as the hydroxyl group typically does not ionize within physiological pH ranges. It is considered a polar, uncharged side chain.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.21</p></li><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.15</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, hydroxyl group): N/A, as the hydroxyl group typically does not ionize within physiological pH ranges. It is considered a polar, uncharged side chain.</p></li></ul><p></p>
17
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Threonine (Thr/T)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.1

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.1

  • pKaR (side chain, hydroxyl group): N/A, as its hydroxyl group typically does not ionize within physiological pH ranges. It is considered a polar, uncharged side chain.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.1</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.1</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, hydroxyl group): N/A, as its hydroxyl group typically does not ionize within physiological pH ranges. It is considered a polar, uncharged side chain.</p></li></ul><p></p>
18
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Tryptophan (Trp/W)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.38

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.39

  • pKaR (side chain, indole N-H): not applicable, as its indole side chain is generally non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.38</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.39</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, indole N-H): not applicable, as its indole side chain is generally non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.</p></li></ul><p></p>
19
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Tyrosine (Tyr/Y)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.20

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.11

  • pKaR (side chain, phenol): 10.07

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.20</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.11</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain, phenol): 10.07</p></li></ul><p></p>
20
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Valine (Val/V)

  • pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.32

  • pKa2 (amino group): 9.62

  • pKaR (side chain): N/A, as its aliphatic side chain is non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.

<ul><li><p>pKa1 (carboxylic acid group): 2.32</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>pKa2 (amino group): 9.62</p></li><li><p>pKaR (side chain): N/A, as its aliphatic side chain is non-ionizable within physiological pH ranges.</p></li></ul><p></p>

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