AP Psych Unit 3 (3.6) Part Two: Social-Emotional Development Across the Lifespan

Erik Erikson

Developmental psychologist contended that each stage of life has its own psychosocial task, a crisis that needs resolution to become a successful complete person. (Psychosocial Stages of Development)

Trust vs. Mistrust

Infants must learn that adults can be trusted.

Trust vs. Mistrust: Major Question

“Can I trust the people around me?”

Trust vs. Mistrust: Virtue to be Learned

Hope.

Trust vs. Mistrust: Important Event(s)

Feeding.

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

As toddlers begin to explore their world, they learn that they can control their actions and act on their environment to get results.

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt: Major Question

“Can I do things myself or am I reliant on the help of others?”

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt: Virtue to be Learned

Will.

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt: Important Event(s)

Toilet Training.

Initiative vs. Guilt

At the preschool stage children are capable of initiating activities and asserting control over their world through social interactions and play.

Initiative vs. Guilt: Major Question

“Am I good or bad?”

Initiative vs. Guilt: Virtue to be Learned

Purpose.

Initiative vs. Guilt: Important Event(s)

Exploration & Play.

Industry vs. Inferiority

Children begin to compare themselves to their peers, develop a sense of pride and accomplishment or feeling of inferiority/inadequacy.

Industry vs. Inferiority: Major Question

“How can I be good?”

Industry vs. Inferiority: Virtue to be Learned

Competence.

Industry vs. Inferiority: Important Event(s)

School.

Identity vs. Role Confusion

An adolescent’s main task is developing a sense of self.

Identity vs. Role Confusion: Major Question

“Who am I?”

Identity vs. Role Confusion: Virtue to be Learned

Fidelity/Faithfulness to Self.

Identity vs. Role Confusion: Important Event(s)

Social Relationships.

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Develop and maintain successful relationships with others.

Intimacy vs. Isolation: Major Question

“Will I be loved or will I be alone?”

Intimacy vs. Isolation: Virtue to be Learned

Love.

Intimacy vs. Isolation: Important Event(s)

Romantic Relationships.

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Middle-aged adults begin contributing to the next generation/society or little connection to others.

Generativity vs. Stagnation: Major Question

“How can I contribute to the world?”

Generativity vs. Stagnation: Virtue to be Learned

Care.

Generativity vs. Stagnation: Important Event(s)

Parenthood and Work.

Ego Integrity vs. Despair

People in late adulthood reflect on their lives and feel either a sense of satisfaction or a sense of failure.

Ego Integrity vs. Despair: Major Question

“Did I live a meaningful life?”

Ego Integrity vs. Despair: Virtue to be Learned

Wisdom.

Ego Integrity vs. Despair: Important Event(s)

Reflecting back on life.