italian renaissance

time

1400-1600

ghates of paradise

Ghiberti (1425–1452)

• • Innovation: Linear perspective in bronze relief.

holy trinity

Masaccio (1427)

• • Innovation: Perfect linear perspective.

brunelleschi

1419–1446)

• Works: Dome of Florence Cathedral, Pazzi Chapel

• Style: Early Renaissance architecture

• • Signature: Linear perspective inventor; geometric harmony; classical Roman arches/columns; mathematical precision

botticelli

(1480s)

• Works: Birth of Venus, Primavera

• Style: Early Renaissance painting

• Signature: Linear grace, flowing elegant figures, decorative composition, mythological subjects, flat decorative backgrounds

• • Media: Tempera on canvas

da vinci

(1480–1519)

• Works: Mona Lisa, Last Supper

• Style: High Renaissance painting

• Signature: Sfumato (soft blending), anatomical accuracy, subtle expressions, complex perspective, chiaroscuro

• • Tip: Faces often mysterious, hands expressive

michalangelo

(1498–1564)

• Works: David, Sistine Chapel ceiling, Pietà

• Style: High Renaissance sculpture & painting

• • Signature: Idealized muscular bodies, tension (terribilitá), monumental scale, dynamic poses in fresco; calm serenity in sculpture like Pietà

raphael

(1504–1520)

• Works: School of Athens

• Style: High Renaissance painting

• • Signature: Harmony, balance, clarity; idealized figures, symmetrical compositions, classical architectural spaces

corregio

• Works: Ceiling frescoes (Assumption of the Virgin)

• Style: Late Renaissance / early Mannerism

• • Signature: Soft modeling, illusionistic foreshortening, graceful twisting figures, dynamic ceilings, light-filled spaces

Titian

(1510s–1570s)

• Works: Venus of Urbino, Assumption of the Virgin

• Style: Venetian Renaissance

• • Signature: Rich color (colorito), glowing oil glazes, sensual figures, loose brushwork, dramatic lighting

extra info

style = idealized, balanced, calm, medium = fresco, marble, sponsrs = church, state