Lecture #3 Drug Classification

In what ways can drugs be classified?

In what ways can drugs be classified?

1. Effect
2. Usage
3. Schedule (CSA)
4. Acid/Base Characteristics

What are the classifications of drugs in pharmacology?

Stimulants, depressants, analgesics and psychomimetics.

What does psychomimetics do?

Alters perceptions of objects, sounds, smells and sensations.

How are drugs classified by usage?

1. Human Performance Drugs
2. Club Drugs
3. Predator Drugs

CSA stands for...

Controlled Substances Act

What is the Controlled Substances Act scheduling based on?

Medical use, potential for abuse, safety, and dependence.

What are some examples of Schedule I drugs?

Marijuana, LSD, and Heroine

What are some examples of Schedule II drugs?

Morphine, cocaine, methadone, methamphetamine, and PCP

What are some examples of Schedule III drugs?

Anabolic steroids, codeine, hydrocodone with Aspirin or Tylenol.

What are some examples of Schedule IV drugs?

Diazepam and aplrazolam

What are some examples of Schedule V drugs?

Cough medicines with codeine

Is Fentanyl acidic or basic?

Basic

Is acetaminophen acidic or basic?

Acidic

Is cocaine acidic or basic?

Basic

Is methamphetamine acidic or basic?

Basic

Is ibuprofen acidic or basic?

Acidic

Is phencylidine acidic or basic?

Basic

Is aspirin acidic or basic?

Acidic

Is MDA acidic or basic?

Basic

What does the term "pKa" mean?

The pH at which half the drug is ionized.

How do you calculate the pH of an acid?

pH = pKa - log (uncharged/charged)

How do you calculate the pH of an base?

pH = pKa - log (charged/uncharged)

T/F: Strong acids have a pKa of 1-3.

FALSE. Strong acids have a pKa of 1-5.

T/F: Weak acids have a pKa of 5-9.

TRUE

What are amphoteric compounds?

Compounds containing both acidic and basic groups.

What are some examples of basic drugs?

Cocaine, methamphetamine, PCP, MDA

What are some examples of acidic drugs?

Aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, amphetamine, ketoprofen, THC metabolites

What are some examples of neutral drugs?

Ethanol and meprobamate

What are some examples of amphoteric drugs?

Morphine and benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite).

What is the ionization state of an acidic drug at basic pH?

Negatively charged

What is the ionization state of an basic drug at basic pH?

Neutral

What is the ionization state of an basic drug at acidic pH?

Positively charged

What is the ionization state of an acidic drug at acidic pH?

Neutral

What is the PI and how is it calculated?

The isoelectric point (PI) is the pH at which a drug is neutral due to a balance of positive and negative charges. It is the average of the pKas of the ionization centers.

T/F: Morphine is an amphoteric
base.

TRUE

T/F: Neutral drugs are neutral at all pH

TRUE

T/F: Amphoteric drugs have a charge at its pI.

Amphoteric drugs have a net ZERO charge at its pI.