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Types of synaptic plasticty
Short-term and long-term
Short-term plasticity causes post- or pre- synaptic changes
presynaptic
Long-term plasticity causes post- or pre- synaptic changes
both
How is short-term plasticity facilitated
Induced by presynaptic Ca2+ accumulation. Results in increased neurotransmitter release
How is short-term plasticity depressed
due to lack of primed vesicles and feed-back inhibition. Results in decreased neurotransmitter release
Explain specificity and associativity of LTP
If only one synapse is stimulated and the other is left unactive, there is no LTP in the inactive synapse.
If one synapse receives strong stimulation and the other weak, it will result in LTP in both synapses
LTP and NMDA
Constant opening of NMDA receptors leads to LTP
How is LTP achieved
activated NMDA receptor recruits kinases which phosphorylate substrates act lead to insertion of AMPA receptors
What initiates late LTP
Protein kinase A is produced which initiates CREB, induce synapse growth proteins
How LTD initiates
instead of kinases, phosphatases are activated, which dephosphorylate substrates and internalize AMPA receptors
How is LTD in cerebellum different
Ca2+ channels opens, contribute to phosphorylation of substrate proteins and internalization of AMPA
Note 
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