This has a mix of industrial revolution, the Enlightenment, the Scientific Revolution, Scientific Revolution, Ancient Egypt, and World Religions
-Industrial Revolution-
Section 1
where did the industrial revolution began?
Great Britian (1790)
Agricultural revolution
Created better faring methods by buying land, but caused the original people who lived there to work in factories.
Factors of Production
They included land, labor, and capital (or wealth).
Entrepeneur
a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business. (invest in stuff)
Railroad boom
transported their goods/materials to distant cities.
Gave opportunities for jobs
Factory workers
Had unhealthy working conditions and did a lot of child labor. Would work for 14 hours every 6 days.
Wealthy merchants, factory owners, shippers
` They grew wealthier than the landowners and aristocrats.
Lower middle class of
factory overseers and
skilled workers
Skilled workers led the way in forming unions because their special skills gave them extra bargaining power.
Large landowners and
aristocrats
they'd occupied the top position and political power, but had lost it slowly.
The Environment
Had created more pollution in the world, which still continues now
Education
Succeeded and gained more people to teach, which expanded education opportunities, now people get to go to school.
Industrial Revolution
The greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the middle 1700s.
extra info-
Later spreaded for, England to Continental Europe and North America.
Enclosure
A closed off area of field.
Crop rotation
The process of planting different crops in the same area. Improved soil nutrients plant quality and kept away pest.
Industrialization
The process of developing machines production of goods, required such resources.
factory
a building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled.
Urbanization
city building and the movement of people to cities
middle class
people made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers.
working class
people who are employed in manual or industrial work
Stock
certain rights of ownership
Corporation
a business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for its deps.
laissez faire
to the economic policy of letting owner of industry and business set working conditions without interference.
capitalism
an economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned, and money is invested in business ventures to make a profit.
utilitarianism
an ethical theory that determines right from wrong by focusing on outcomes
socialism
the factors of productions are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all
Karl Marx
German journalist who introduced the world to a radical type of socialism called Marxism.
communism
a form of complete socialism in which the means of productions- all land, mines, factories, railroads and business - would be owned by people.
union
to press for reforms, workers joined together in voluntary labor associations
Strike
to refuse to work
- The Enlightenment & Scientific Revolution -
section 2
Denis Diderot
created the encyclopedia, giving people knowledge
Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Saint George
(Had created classical music which had effected enlightenment ideas. )
Samuel Richardson
An English writer
Frederick the Great
he never tried to change the existing social order, but thought about it.
Joseph II
Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II of Austria, ruled Austria from 1780 - 1790. Supported freedom of worship, even for Protestants, Orthodox Christians, and Jews.
Catherine the Great
read the works of philosophies, and she exchanged many letters with Voltaire. She ruled with absolute authority but also sought to reform Russia.
Voltaire
Freedom of though & expression / religious freedom
(philosopher)
Bacon & Descartes
helped create the scientific method
Montesquieu
Separation of power
Jean-Jacques
Individual Freedom
Ceaser
Criminal justice form
Mary
advocate for women
Enlightenment & Revolution year
1500-1789 (in europe revolution in intellectual activity changes Europeans’ view of government and society.)
salon
Where you would talk about educational stuff, or gossip
Scientific Method
The scientific method is a logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.
Telescope
To see far things in the sky and make them appear closer.
Heliocentric
The world revolves around the sun (Catholics did not accepted this)
Geocentric
The world revolves around the earth (Catholics accepted this)
Law of gravitation
how gravity is responsible for the weight of a body and keeps us on the ground.
Isaac Newton
born in U.K, mathematician, physicist, astronomer, created various physic laws.
Copernicus
Born Poland, astronomer, jnvented the heliocentric model
Leo de Vinci
born in italy, painter, engineer, scientist, started inventions of many things that we use today.
Galileo
born in Italy, astronomer, mathematician, supported the heliocentric model
-Ancient Egypt-
section 3
largest river
Nile river
How were they led?
By pharos
wrote in
hieroglyphics
Wrote on
papyrus
Egyptians would trade with
Mesopotamians and sometimes with the Indus
Type of Economy
Traditional, they would farm and trade
what modern day countries was the Indus valley civ in?
Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Kuwait
- major world religion -
section 4
What did Hinduism strengthen?
The caste system by reincarnation and karma
Reincarnation is
being reborn into another life, while karma determines if you will live a good life or bad
Social classes in India & what were they named.
4 (Braham, Traders/Peasants, Warriors, and laborers)
Upanishads are…
written dialogs of Hinduism
What is needed to obtain enlightenment in Hinduism?
to perform one’s duty for life and emut good karma
Where is the Jewish holy land.
Israel
what Idea do jews live by everyday
the covenant between God and the Jews.
What is the sacred text of Judaism?
The torah
What is the sacred text of Hinduism?
The Veda
What is the sacred text of Buddhism?
Suttas
What is the sacred text of Islam?
Quran
What is the sacred text of Christians?
Bible
Who is the founder of Judaism?
Abraham
What did Buddhism do to the caste system?
Reject it
The founder of Buddhism name is
Siddhartha
Does Hinduism have a founder?
No, it doesn’t get traced back. It was founded during the 750-500 BC though.
Jainism developed around…
500 BC
Judaism developed in
100 BC