BIO 1407 : The Evolution of Seed Plants (Chapter 30)

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33 Terms

1

Seed Plants

Plants with seeds, evolved from vascular plants.

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2

Sporophyte Dominance

Seed plants primarily exhibit sporophyte generation.

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3

Gametophyte

Microscopic structure retained inside sporangia.

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4

Heterospory

Production of two types of spores.

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5

Pollen

Male gametophyte, carried by wind or animals.

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6

Fruits

Mature ovary that aids in seed dispersal.

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7

Megasporangium

Structure producing megaspores in female plants.

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8

Microsporangium

Structure producing microspores in male plants.

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9

Ovule

Structure containing integument, megasporangium, and megaspore.

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10

Pollination

Transfer of pollen to ovule for fertilization.

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11

Zygote

Fertilized egg that develops into an embryo.

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12

Gymnosperms

Seed plants with exposed seeds, not enclosed.

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13

Angiosperms

Seed plants with fruits and flowers.

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14

Coniferophyta

Largest gymnosperm phylum, includes conifers.

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15

Cycadophyta

Phylum of gymnosperms with palm-like leaves.

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16

Ginkgophyta

Phylum containing only Ginkgo biloba species.

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17

Gnetophyta

Phylum of gymnosperms with diverse species.

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18

Pollen Cone

Cone containing microsporangia for pollen production.

<p>Cone containing microsporangia for pollen production.</p>
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19

Ovulate Cone

Cone containing megasporangia that produce eggs.

<p>Cone containing megasporangia that produce eggs.</p>
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20

Sequoiadendron giganteum

Largest living organisms, known as Sequoias.

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21

Pseudotsuga menziesii

Douglas fir, major timber source in North America.

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22

Cycas revoluta

Cycad species with flagellated sperm.

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23

Ginkgo biloba

Only surviving Ginkgo species, pollution tolerant.

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24

Ephedra

Genus with desert species, produces ephedrine.

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25

Magnoliophyta

Single phylum containing all angiosperms.

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26

Stamen

Male reproductive organ, includes anther and filament.

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27

Carpel

Female reproductive organ, includes stigma and ovary.

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28

Fertilization

Process where sperm fertilizes the ovule.

<p>Process where sperm fertilizes the ovule.</p>
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29

Fruit

Developed from ovary, protects seeds.

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30

Angiosperm Importance

Source of most human food and livestock feed.

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31

Edible Products

Common foods derived from angiosperms include cacao and coffee.

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32

Medicinal Uses

Angiosperms provide compounds like aspirin and quinine.

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33

Threats to Diversity

Human population expansion threatens plant diversity.

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