Intro to Radiographic Exams Chp 21 + 22

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology from the lecture on radiographic exams, focusing on examination types, procedures, and interpretation.

Bitewing Exam

The most accurate radiographic exam for assessing bone levels between the top and bottom teeth.

Crest

Height of the bone between the maxillary and mandibular crowns.

Periapical Exam

Radiographs that provide images of the apex of the teeth and surrounding bone.

Abscess

An infection at the root tip of a tooth indicated by periapical radiograph.

Sensor Size

Determines the size of the radiographic sensor based on patient age, mouth size, and anatomy.

Angulation

The angle at which the x-ray beam is directed towards the sensor.

Horizontal Angulation

The alignment of the central ray in a horizontal plane through the contacts of the teeth.

Vertical Angulation

The alignment of the central ray in a vertical plane, perpendicular to the sensor.

Bitewings

Radiographs that capture the interproximal spaces of the teeth, typically involving multiple images.

Full Mouth Series (FMX)

A complete set of dental radiographs generally consisting of 18-20 images.

Anterior Placement

The vertical placement of radiographs using size 1 sensors.

Posterior Placement

The horizontal placement of radiographs using size 2 sensors.

Common Error: Comb Cut

Occurs when the x-ray beam does not fully reach the sensor.

Occlusion Plane

The plane that should ideally be parallel to the sensor during radiographic imaging.

Mounting Images

The process of organizing radiographs into bitewings and periapicals.

Identification Dot

A convex dot on film that helps in the correct mounting and identification of radiographs.

Interpretation

The process of suspecting conditions based on radiographic images.

Diagnosis

The identification of abnormalities from normal, typically done by trained professionals.

Digital Images

Radiographs taken using digital sensors which need proper and immediate mounting.

Maxillary Teeth Features

Characteristics include 3 roots and sinus presence on radiographs.

Mandibular Teeth Features

Characteristics include 2 smaller roots and the retro molar pad on radiographs.

Cavitations

Areas of decay and cavities between teeth visible on radiographs.

Developmental Abnormalities

Anomalies that can be detected in the structure of teeth via periapical exams.

Fractures in Teeth

Breaks or cracks in teeth that can be identified through appropriate radiographs.

Cotton-tipped Applicator

A tool used to demonstrate angulation of the central ray.

PID

Position indicating device used to direct the x-ray beam.

Error: Sensor Placement

When the sensor is not placed properly parallel in the mouth.

Sequence of Exams

The specific order of different types of radiographic examinations performed.

Maxillary Anterior PAs

Periapicals taken of the front teeth in the upper jaw.

Mandibular Anterior PAs

Periapicals taken of the front teeth in the lower jaw.

Maxillary Posterior PAs

Periapicals taken of the back teeth in the upper jaw.

Mandibular Posterior PAs

Periapicals taken of the back teeth in the lower jaw.

Anterior Bitewings

Bitewing radiographs that capture the front teeth.

Posterior Bitewings

Bitewing radiographs that capture the back teeth.