Science Term 1 Yr 8 ( living systems )

Producer

Plants that make their own food.

Consumer

Animals that eat food made by other organisms.

Tertiary consumers

Organisms that eat secondary consumers.

Secondary consumers

Organisms that eat primary consumers.

Primary consumers

Organisms that eat producers, usually herbivores.

Primary producers

Organisms that produce energy available for the food chain.

Decomposers

Organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms.

Microorganisms

Tiny living things that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.

Deforestation

Cutting of a large number of trees.

Biodiversity

Variety of plant and animal life in a certain habitat.

Monoculture

Agriculture that focuses on a single crop.

Carnivore

An animal that only eats other consumers.

Omnivore

An animal that eats both producers and consumers.

Herbivore

An animal that only eats producers.

Arrows in food chains

Indicate the flow of energy (eaten by) between organisms.

Overpopulation

A major issue related to the impact of human activities on the environment.

Food preservation techniques

Methods like drying, salting, and fermentation used to extend food's shelf life.

Enzymes

Biological proteins that accelerate chemical reactions, especially in digestion.

Digestive disorders

Conditions such as diarrhea, heartburn, vomiting, and stomach ulcers.

Circulatory system

The system responsible for pumping blood throughout the body.

Excretion

The removal of waste from an organism.

Skeletal system

A network of bones and cartilage that supports muscles and organs.

Respiratory system

The system responsible for bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide.

Asexual reproduction

Reproduction by a single organism, producing identical offspring.

Sexual reproduction

Reproduction involving the combination of male and female cells.

Male reproductive system

Includes organs like the penis, testes, scrotum, sperm ducts, and urethra.

Female reproductive system

Includes organs like the vagina, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and cervix.