Anirudh Mohanty - Digestion Notes 2023

The function of Digestive system

Break down food

Absorb energy/ nutrients

Eliminate wastes

Steps of digestion

1. Mouth

2. Esophagus

3. Stomach

4. Small intestine

5. Large intestine

6. Rectum

7. Anus

Mechanical digestion

Break down food into chunks

Chemical digestion

Dissolve food

Mouth

Breaks food into chunks

And used Salivary glands to dissolve food

Esophagus

First part of esophagus= Pharynx

When you first swallow food

Then goes down to esophagus

Peristalis muscle contract and move food down your throat

Stomach

Food from esophagus enters stomach

-large muscular sac

Gastric glands really break don food

Release hydrochloric acid

Enzyme called pepsine breaks down food

If link betwen esophagus and stomach os bad… some acid can splash cack up

= acid reflux or heartburn

Small intestine

Called small because it thin

Has villi which absorbs nutrients

Lots of surface area

Extra chemical digestion comes from

Liver/gallblader= produces bile which breaks down lipids

Pancreas neutealiies stomach acid and regulates blood pressure

Large intestine

Called because thick

Removed all the water from undigested material

Turns it into solid waste

Rectum

The solid waste is stored in the rectum

Contains all indigestrable material

Anus

Hoe where solid waste is excreted