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When to use the present subjunctive (based on what verb tense is used before it?
If first verb is:
Presente (odio que…me despierten por las mañanas)
Pretérito perfecto (me han aconsejado que…vaya a hablar)
Futuro simple (los estudiantes pedirán que…no suban las tasas)
Imperativo (di a tus padres…que te permitan)
(Most of these are subjunctive due to change in subject)
Which tenses use imperfect subjunctive?
pretérito imperfecto (odiaba que… me despertaras)
Pretérito indefinido (me aconsejaron que… fuera a hablar)
Conditional simple (a los estudiantes les gustaría que… no subieran las tasas)
What is a specific structure that always uses pretérito imperfecto de subjunctivo?
Como si (as if) = reaccionó/siempre reacciona como si estuviera enfadada.
(This is used after all tenses)
A common imperfecto subjunctive phrase is:
Ojalá (que) = ojalá fuera rica
(Only use imperfect subjunctive if its unlikely to happen and present subjunctive if it is a likely desire!)