Chapter 10: Electric Circuits

electromotive force (EMF)

special type of potential difference, ideal voltage source

internal resistance

amount of resistance to the flow of current within the voltage source

v terminal

E (EMF)- IR

resistors in series

add normally

resistors in parallel

add inversely

junction rule

whatever charge flows into the junction must flow out

loop rule

in a closed loop, whatever energy is supplied by a voltage source must be transferred into other forms by devices in the loop

• total potential difference in a loop must be 0

batteries in a loop

positive when direction of travel is from negative to positive terminals

resistors in a loop

negative when direction of travel and current are in the same direction

voltage sources in series

internal resistances and emfs can be added together

voltage sources in parallel

total emf is the same as the individual emts of each battery

ammeter

measure current, placed in series

voltmeter

measures potential difference, placed in parallel

RC circuit

circuit containing resistance and capacitance