DNA and RNA Review

What is the shape of DNA?

double helix

Does DNA replication happen before or after cell division?

before

What type of bonds hold nucleotide bases together?

hydrogen bonds

Which two scientists discovered the structure of DNA?

Watson and Crick

What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base

Which base is NOT found in RNA?

T

Which nucleic acid is single stranded?

RNA

Transcribe the following DNA strand: TAGGTA

AUCCAU

What enzyme unzips your DNA?

helicase

What enzyme adds nucleotides to a growing DNA strand?

DNA polymerase

What type of molecule does transcription produce?

mRNA

Where does transcription take place?

the nucleus

What type of RNA is responsible for moving amino acids?

tRNA

In what organelle does translation take place?

ribosomes

Which gene sequence is spliced out of DNA?

introns

What is the monomer of proteins?

amino acids

What is the start codon?

AUG

Are all mutations harmful?

no

What type of mutation is shown? GTA-CTG-AAT-CGT GTA-CTG-ATC-GTC

deletion

What type of mutations swaps a single base pair out for another?

substitution

Which chromosomal mutation is shown?

translocation

Which two gene mutations are frameshift mutations?

insertion and deletion