Random questions and terms AP World History

Encomienda system (unit 4)

Native Americans forced into coerced labor by the Spanish and Portuguese, but 90% died from the introduction of new diseases via Columbian Exchange, so Africans were needed. (Atlantic slave trade)

Hacienda

Large plantations where indigenous/mixed race labored for low wages

Fratricide

In the Ottoman Empire where the brothers of the previous Sultan fight for the new position as Sultan. Kills all his brothers so they can’t challenge his rule.

Ferdinand Magellan

First to circumnavigate the globe, proved the Earth was round

Fluyt

Dutch ship that ended up doing 60% of trade going into europe. Late 15th century

Francis Bacon

Empricisim = Knowledge comes from experience. Conclusions from natural data instead of religion

Thomas Hobbes

People’s natural state was nasty, brutish, and short life. People were inherintely bad and needed to be strictly governed.

John Locke

Right and responsibility of citizens to revolt against unjust government. Natural rights to life, liberty, and property. Everyone born with a blank mind (tabula rasa) waiting to be filled with knowledge.

Baron Montesquieu

Separation of powers

Adam smith

Disagreed with mercantalism, wanted freer trade. foundation for capitalism.

Deism

Belief that there is a higher power, but they do not interfere. Believed in scientific inquiry rather than the bible.

Ottoman empire was what kind of muslim and what did that branch of muslim believe?

Sunni, believed anyone spiritually fit could be sucessor of the throne

Safavid empire was what kind of muslim and what did that branch of muslim believe?

Shi’a, believed only blood relatives of Muhammed could be sucessor.

Who wiped out the Delhi Sultanate

Mughals

How did mughals consolidate power?

Tax systems like zamindars (elite land owners tac peasants)

How did aztecs consolidate power?

Tribute system

What did sikhism keep and change from hinduism?

Kept the belief in one god and the cycle of life and death and reincarnation, eliminated the caste system and gender heirarchies

How did Incas consolidate power?

Mit’a system where citizens were required to work on state projects for some time out of the year.

What caused the Hatian Revolution?

harsh slavery, brutal plantation conditions, inequality between social classes, and the influence of Enlightenment and French Revolution ideas about freedom and rights.

Why did the US support the contras in the contra war during the Cold War?

Because the Sandinista government was on it’s way to communism with the land reforms, and were tied to communist Soviet Union and Cuba. The US wanted to limit the spread of communism.