Cell Biology: Organelles and Their Functions Quiz

vacuole

It stores and transports ingested materials, waste products, and water.

mitochondria

They are the site of sugar metabolism and energy production.

microtubules

They are part of the cell's cytoskeleton that aids in the movement of substances through the cytoplasm.

centriole

Composed of two cylinders of tubules, centrioles play a role in cell division.

microvilli

Projections that increase the cell's surface area to aid in absorption.

secretory vesicles

They contain substances produced by the cell, such as enzymes, and are secreted at the cell membrane.

Golgi complex

It processes and repackages proteins produced on the rough endoplasmic reticulum for release at the cell membrane.

rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

It consists of folded membranes studded with ribosomes, helping to transport materials and is a site of protein manufacture.

ribosomes

They assist with protein assembly.

cytoplasm

A jelly-like fluid in which organelles float, primarily consisting of water, enzymes, and amino acids.

microfilaments

They provide support for the cell and are sometimes linked to the outer membrane.

cytoskeleton

The internal framework of the cell made up of microfilaments and hollow microtubules.

nucleoplasm

The fluid within the nucleus in which the nucleolus and chromosomes float.

nucleus

It is the cell's control center containing chromatin and most of the cell's DNA.

nucleolus

The region at the center of the nucleus that plays a vital role in ribosome production.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

It is a network of tubes and sacs that helps transport materials through the cell and is the main location for fat metabolism and calcium storage.

lysosomes

They produce enzymes that aid in digestion and excretion of substances and worn-out organelles.

peroxisomes

They produce enzymes that oxidize some toxic chemicals.

cell membrane

It encloses the cell's contents, maintains the cell's shape, and regulates the flow of substances in and out of the cell.