APUSG Federalism Quiz

federalism

a system of government in which power is divided between the national and state government

unitary system

a system where the central governmnet has all the power over subnational governments

confederal system

a system of government where the subnational governments have most of the power, and the national government is weak

federal system

a balence of power between national and state governments where both dervie auhtority from the people

enumerated or express powers

powers specifically granted to the federal government in the Constitution

exclusive pwoers

powers that can only be exercised by the national government, such as coining money or making treaties

implied powers

powers not explicity states in the constitution but inferred from the enumerated powers through teh necessary and proper clause

due process clause

part of the 14th amendment guaranteeing that no person will be deprived of life, libery, or property, without due process of law

equal protection clause

part of the 14th amendment that required states to provide equal protection under the law to all people within their jurisdictions

commerce clause

grants congress the power to regulate trade and business activity among the states, with foreign natioans, and with native american tribes

necessary and proper clause

gives congress power to pass laws needed to carry out its enumerated powers

supremacy clause

establishes that the Constitution and federal laws are the supreme law of the land

10th amendment

reserves powers not delegated to the federal governemnt to the states or the people

reserved powers

powers retained by the states under the 10th amendment

concurrent powers

powers shared by both national and state governments, such as taxation and law enforement

full faith and credit clause

requires states to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states

extradition

The process by which states return fugitives to the state from which they fled

privileges and immunites clause

prevents states from discriminating against citizens of other states

13th amendment

abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the US

14th amendment

granted citizenship to all born or naturalized in the US and guaraunteed equal proection and due process

15th amendment

prohibits denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

selective incorporation

the process by which parts of the bill of rights are applied to the states through teh 14th amendment

grants

federal money provided to states to carry out specfic programs or polcies

categorical grants

federal grants with specific conditions attached, often used to influence state policiesm

mandate

a requirement that states or local governmnet must comply with federal rules or regulations

block grant

federal grants given to states for boroadly defined purposes, with more states discretion in spending

revenue sharing

a policy where the federal government distributes a portion of its tax revenue to the states with few restrictions