L3: ANCIENT CIVILIZATION

Neolitic Societies

• civilization

_________ society never reached the complexity of kingdoms

• they coalesced to_____________

Civilization

• A complex, highly-organized social order

• Process by which a society or place reaches an advanced stage of social development and organization

• The society, culture and way of life of a particular area

• soil, animal, Regular water + transportation

• flood, building irrigation, build dikes and canals (farmers)

Advantages in river valleys:

Disadvantage:

• Cities

• Organized Central Government

• Institutionalized Religion

• Social Classes

• Specialization

• Architecture

• Public Works

• Writing Systems

Characteristics of Civilization

• farming settlements

• near rivers, high wall

• trade and commerce, culture and arts

CITIES

• arose from __________

• located _______- and Protected by _______

• had palaces, temples, long and tangled roads

• centers of _________ and _______

Cities

Central feature of Civilization

• oversee irrigation project + food supply

• laws and taxes

• Defense and military

Functions of Organized Central Government

Institutionalized Religion

• Gods controlled natural forces and human activities.

• To ensure good favor with the gods, temples were built, and sacrifices offered.

• Full-time priests or religious group.

• population

• task

Increase in ______and increase in ____ leads people to specialize in certain jobs.

Specialization

made people dependent on others for various needs.

Social Classes

People were ranked according to perceived value of task or role.

Writing system

Originated with the records of religious offering.

• pictograms, abstract ideas, sounds, medical text

WRITING SYSTEMS At first, they used______, then

a______ then _____, then _____.

Scribes

are specially-trained and educated to read and write.

Nile River

Ancient Egyptian civilization loctated at floodplain of ______

Ancient Egypt

Sheep was the primary source of meat though their

wool was rarely used. They also raised pigs, ducks and

geese.

Ancient Egypt

Houses were normally built of mud brick and have long since disappeared beneath the rising water.

• Lords of Creation

• Custodians of orders

the gods of Ancient Egypt were seen as ______and________

Pharaoh

Monarch of Ancient Egypt

• hieroglyphics

• pyramids

• papyrus paper

• cosmetics and wigs

• water clock

Inventions made in egypts

Great Pyramid of Giza

oldest and the only surviving among the Seven

Wonders of the Ancient World.

Pharaoh Khufu

Largest Pyramid was built by _______

Pharaoh Kafre

Built the second pyramid including the Sphinx

Pharaoh Menkaure

Third small pyramid with complext Mortuary temple was built by

1. remove organs that decay except heart

2. remove moisture using natron

3. wrap in linen coat with resin

4. rituals

Step by step process in Mummification

Middle east including parts of Soutwest Asia in the Tigris and Euphrates river system

mesopotamia located in modern day _____

Paleolithic era

Humans first settled in Mesopotamia in the _______. Cities of the Sumerian people began as scattered agrarian communities.

Mesopotamia

• sumerians

• Akkadians

• Gutians

• Hittites

• Assyrians

• Persians

• babylonians

___________was occupied by many different people:_______________________

Mesopotamians

______ were polytheistic. They worshipped

three main gods and thousands of minor gods.

Mesopotamia

is part of The Fertile Crescent also known

as The Cradle of Civilization.

Middle River

Meso =

Potamos =

Mesopotamia

Nebuchadnezzar is in _____ civilization

• mass produces bricks and potters

• cuneiform

• metallurgy

• ziggurat

• chariot

Inventions in Mesopotamia

Ziggurat

• Moon god Nanna

a temple complex that served as an administrative center

for the city, and which was a shrine of the ________, the patron deity of Ur.

Moon god Nanna

patron deity of Ur

Pakistan and nortwest india

• indus River

The Indus Valley Civilization was located in present-day

Harappan

This civilization had a highly developed city as evidenced by wells and bathrooms in many houses as well

as an elaborate underground drainage system.

Harappan

Had a form of writing that as of today remains a mystery.

• ruins of harappa

• Mohenjo daro

the two cities of Harappan civilization

harappan

The dancing lady is what civilization

Harappan

The social conditions of the citizens were comparable to those in Sumeria and superior to the contemporary Babylonians and Egyptians.

• Pashupati Seal

• Ivory Rules

• Terracotta distillation apparatus

• Ornamental buttons

• Standardized weights

Inventions from Ancient Indus Valley

harappan

• stone tower and

• the great bath

is what civilization?

• Yellow River valley

  • henan PRovince

The Chinese Cradle of Civilization was located at the _________.

• ________ was the site of many prehistoric villages and communities.

Yu the Great of Xia Dynasty

focused on controlling the floods brought by the Yellow River.

Shang Dynasty

this chinese Dynasty developed writing, metallurgy, architecture, and religion. These continued to develop in the later dynasties especially in art, philosophy and the art of war.

Shi Huangdi of Qin Dynasty

He took down walls separating different states and built the famous Great Wall of China on the northern border of the

kingdom.

Zhou Dynasty

Chinese philosophers and poets, Confucius, Mencius,

Mo Ti (Mot Zu), Lao-Tzu, Tao Chien, and the military

strategist Sun-Tzu came from the ________

Emperor Xuanzong

By the time of the rule of _______, China was the

largest, most populous, & most prosperous country in the

world.

• tea production

• silk

• movable type printer

• gun powder

• alcoholic beverages

Invention from ancient china