Canine 2nd Year Muscle List

Flashcards covering the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of various canine muscles.

Supraspinatus

Muscle originating from the supraspinatus fossa and spine of the scapula, inserts at the greater tubercle of the humerus, acts to extend and fix the shoulder, innervated by the suprascapular nerve.

Infraspinatus

Muscle originating from the infraspinous fossa and spine of the scapula, inserts at the infraspinatus muscle surface of the humerus, flexes and abducts the shoulder, innervated by the suprascapular nerve.

Subscapularis

Muscle originating from the subscapular fossa, inserts at the lesser tubercle of the humerus, adducts the shoulder, and is innervated by the subscapular and axillary nerves.

Deltoideus

Muscle originating from the spine and acromion of the scapula, inserts at the deltoid tuberosity, flexes the shoulder, and is innervated by the axillary nerve.

Teres Major

Muscle originating from the caudal margin of the scapula, inserts at the teres major tuberosity, flexes the shoulder, innervated by the axillary nerve.

Brachialis

Muscle originating from the caudal head of the humerus, inserts at the proximal radius and ulna, flexes the elbow, and is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.

Biceps brachii

Muscle originating from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, inserts at the radial tuberosity and proximedial ulna, flexes the elbow, innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.

Triceps Long Head

Muscle originating from the caudal margin of the scapula, inserts at the olecranon, extends the elbow and also flexes the shoulder, innervated by the radial nerve.

Tensor fasciae antebrachii

Muscle originating from the caudal margin of the scapula and m. latissimus dorsi, inserts at the olecranon and antebrachial fascia, extends the elbow and tenses the fascia, innervated by the radial nerve.

Radial carpal extensor

Muscle originating from the lateral supracondylar crest, inserts at MC 2-5, extends the carpus, and is innervated by the radial nerve.

Common digital extensor

Muscle originating from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, inserts at the distal phalanx of digits 2-5, extends the digits and carpus, innervated by the radial nerve.

Superficial digital flexor

Muscle originating from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, inserts at the flexor tuberosity of the middle phalanx and digits 2-5, flexes digits and carpus, innervated by median nerve.

Deep digital flexor

Muscle originating from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, radius, and ulna, inserts at the flexor tuberosity of the middle phalanx and digits 1-5, flexes digits and carpus, innervated by both median and ulnar nerves.

Superficial gluteal

Muscle originating from the fascia and lateral part of the sacrum and 1st caudal vertebrae, inserts at the gluteal tuberosity, extends the hip and retracts the limb, innervated by the caudal gluteal nerve.

Middle gluteal

Muscle originating from the fascia and wing of ilium, inserts at the greater trochanter, extends the hip, retracts and abducts the limb, innervated by the cranial gluteal nerve.

Biceps femoris

Muscle originating from the ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament, inserts at the patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity, extends hip, stifle, and hock, innervated by sciatic and caudal gluteal nerves.

Semitendinosus

Muscle originating from the ischiatic tuberosity, inserts at the medial surface of tibia and tuber calcanei, extends hip, stifle, and hock, innervated by sciatic nerve.

Semimembranosus

Muscle originating from the ischiatic tuberosity, inserts at the medial condyle of femur and tibia, extends hip, stifle, and hock, innervated by sciatic nerve.

Adductor

Muscle originating from the pelvic symphysis, inserts at the facies aspera of the femur, adducts the limb, innervated by the obturator nerve.

Gracilis

Muscle originating from the pelvic symphysis, inserts at the medial crural fascia and tuber calcanei, adducts the limb and extends the hock, innervated by the obturator nerve.

Rectus femoris

Muscle originating from the caudal ventral iliac spine, inserts at the tibial tuberosity, main extensor of the stifle and flexes the hip, innervated by the femoral nerve.

Gastrocnemius

Muscle originating from the medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities, inserts at the calcaneal tuberosity, extends the hock and flexes the stifle, innervated by the tibial nerve.

Masseter

Muscle originating from the zygomatic arch, inserts at the masseteric fossa of the mandible, raises the mandible, innervated by the masticatory nerve.

Sternocephalicus

Muscle originating from the 1st Sternebra or manubrium, inserts at the mastoid part of the temporal bone and nuchal crest, draws the head ventrally and to one side, innervated by the accessory nerve.

Trapezius

Muscle originating from the dorsal median raphe of the neck and 3rd cervical vertebrae to the spinous process of thoracic vertebrae, inserts at the dorsal 2/3 of scapula, draws the scapula dorsally, innervated by dorsal branch of the accessory nerve.

Rhomboideus capitis

Muscle originating from the nuchal crest, inserts at the medial surface of the scapula cartilage, fixes the limb, elevates the scapula, innervated by ventral branches of cervical nerves.

Latissimus dorsi

Muscle originating from the thoracolumbar fascia, inserts at the teres major tuberosity, retracts the limb and flexes the shoulder, innervated by thoracodorsal nerve.

Longissimus dorsi

Muscle originating from the articular processes of cervical vertebrae, inserts at the mastoid process, fixes and extends the vertebral column, innervated by dorsal branches of lumbar and thoracic nerves.

Multifidi

Muscle that originates at the articular processes from sacrum to axis, inserts at the spinous processes of vertebrae cranial to origin, fixes and rotates the vertebral column, innervated by dorsal branches of segmental spinal nerves.